Halitta
3K 0 02/20/2019 (bita ta karshe: 02/28/2019)
Creatine phosphate (Sunan Ingilishi - creatine phosphate, tsarin sunadarai - C4H10N3O5P) wani katafaren sinadarin karfi ne wanda aka kirkira yayin aiwatar da phosphorylation na juyawa na creatine kuma ya tara (95%) a cikin tsoka da jijiyoyin jijiyoyi.
Babban aikinta shine tabbatar da daidaito na samar da kuzarin cikin ciki ta hanyar kiyaye matsayin adenosine triphosphoric acid (ATP) da ake bukata ta hanyar resynthesis.
Biochemistry na halittar phosphate
A cikin jiki, kowane dakika akwai abubuwa masu yawa na halittu masu rai da yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar amfani da kuzari: haɗuwa da abubuwa, jigilar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da microelements zuwa gabobin ƙwayoyin, aikin raunin tsoka. Ana samarda kuzarin da ake buƙata yayin haɓakar ATP, kowane kwayar halitta ana sake sanya shi sama da sau 2000 a kowace rana. Ba ya taruwa a cikin kyallen takarda, kuma don aikin yau da kullun na dukkanin tsarin ciki da gabobi, ana buƙatar cikakken cikawar natsuwarsa.
Saboda waɗannan dalilai, an yi nufin kirkirar phosphate. Ana samar da shi koyaushe kuma shine babban ɓangaren abubuwan da ke haifar da rage ATP daga ADP, wanda ke haɓaka ta wani enzyme na musamman - creatine phosphokinase. Ba kamar adenosine triphosphoric acid ba, tsokoki koyaushe suna da wadataccen kayan aiki.
A cikin lafiyayyen mutum, yawan sinadarin creatine ya kai kusan 1% na nauyin jiki duka.
A yayin aiwatar da phosphatase na halitta, isoenzymes guda uku na creatine phosphokinase suna da hannu: nau'ikan MM, MB da BB, wadanda suka banbanta a inda suke: na biyun farko suna cikin kwarangwal da jijiyoyin zuciya, na uku yana cikin kyallen takarda na kwakwalwa.
Sake kira na ATP
Sabuntawar ATP ta hanyar creatine phosphate shine mafi sauri kuma mafi inganci daga cikin hanyoyin samun kuzari uku. 2-3 seconds na aikin tsoka a ƙarƙashin nauyi mai yawa ya isa, kuma resynthesis ya riga ya isa iyakar aiki. A wannan yanayin, ana samar da makamashi sau 2-3 fiye da lokacin glycolysis, CTA da phosphorylation oxidative.
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Wannan ya faru ne saboda gano abubuwanda mahalarta suka yi a cikin kusancin mitochondria da kuma karin kunnawa ta hanyar kayan aikin ATP. Sabili da haka, ƙaruwa mai kaifi cikin tsananin aikin tsoka baya haifar da raguwa a cikin adinosine triphosphoric acid. A wannan tsari, akwai yawan amfani da sinadarin creatine, bayan dakika 5-10 saurin sa ya fara raguwa sosai, kuma a dakika 30 sai ya ragu zuwa rabin mafi girman kimar. A nan gaba, sauran hanyoyin canza mahaɗan macroenergy sun shigo cikin wasa.
Hanya ta yau da kullun game da haɓakar halittar halittar na da mahimmanci ga 'yan wasan da ke da alaƙa da sauye-sauye masu rauni a cikin nauyin tsoka (saurin nesa, ɗaukar nauyi, motsa jiki daban-daban tare da nauyi, badminton, wasan zorro da sauran nau'ikan wasannin fashewar abubuwa).
Biochemistry na wannan tsari kawai yana iya samar da ɗimbin kuɗin da ake kashewa na kuzari a matakin farko na aikin tsoka, lokacin da ƙarfin ɗaukar kaya ya canza sosai kuma ana buƙatar ƙarfin fitarwa a cikin mafi ƙarancin lokaci. Horarwa a cikin wasanni na sama ya kamata a gudanar da su tare da la'akari da wajibi na cikakken jikewa da jiki tare da tushen wannan makamashi - creatine da "mai tarawa" na haɗin macroenergetic - creatine phosphate.
A hutawa ko tare da raguwar mahimmancin ƙarfin aikin tsoka, yawan amfani da ATP yana raguwa. Adadin maƙasudin maƙasudin ya kasance a daidai wannan matakin kuma “rarar” adenosine triphosphoric acid ana amfani dashi don dawo da ajiyayyun halittar phosphate.
Kira na creatine da kuma sinadarin phosphate
Babban gabobin da ke samar da halitta sune koda da hanta. Tsarin yana farawa a cikin kodan tare da samar da guanidine acetate daga arginine da glycine. Bayan haka, ana hada halittar cikin hanta daga wannan gishirin da kuma methionine. Ta hanyar gudan jini, ana daukar shi zuwa kwakwalwa da kuma tsokar nama, inda ake jujjuya shi zuwa cikin halittar fosfat a karkashin yanayin da ya dace (rashi ko karancin aiki na tsoka da isasshen adadin kwayoyin ATP).
Mahimmancin asibiti
A cikin lafiyayyen jiki, wani sashi na creatine phosphate (kimanin 3%) ana canza shi koyaushe cikin halitta sakamakon rashin enzymatic dephosphorylation. Wannan adadin bai canza ba, kuma an ƙaddara shi ta girman ƙwayar tsoka. A matsayin kayan da ba'a bayyana ba, ana fitar dashi cikin fitsari kyauta.
Don bincika yanayin kodan, bincike na fitar da kifin na creatinine yana ba da damar. Concentrationarancin hankali a cikin jini na iya nuna matsalolin tsoka, kuma wuce gona da iri yana nuna yiwuwar cutar koda.
Canje-canje a cikin matakin kinine na kinase a cikin jini yana ba da damar gano alamomin yawan cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini (ciwon zuciya, hauhawar jini) da kasancewar canje-canje masu cuta a cikin kwakwalwa.
Tare da atrophy ko cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, halittar da aka samar ba ta shaƙuwa cikin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma ana fitar da shi cikin fitsari. Hankalinsa ya dogara da tsananin cutar ko kuma matakin asarar aikin tsoka.
Yin amfani da kwayar halitta fiye da kima na iya haifar da ƙarin abun cikin halittar a cikin fitsari saboda rashin kiyaye dokokin umarnin yin amfani da kari na wasanni.
