Lalacewa ga idanuwa sau da yawa yana lalata mutuncin tsarin ƙasusuwan da ke kewaye, kayan laushi, da jijiyoyin jini. Wannan yana da wahala a gano ainihin wurin da aka lalata da kuma yanayin raunin. Sabili da haka, kawai likitan ido ne zai iya ƙaddamar da cikakken ganewar asali. Wannan wataƙila yana buƙatar ɗaukacin karatun kayan aiki da sa hannun wasu ƙwararrun masana - masanin ilimin likitancin jiji ko likitan jiji. Koda ƙananan alamun bayyanar cututtuka da rashin jin daɗi bayan microtrauma ya zama dalilin ziyartar ofishin likitan ido don hana haɗari mai tsanani ko rashin lafiya mai tsanani.
Abubuwan da alamomi na raunin daban-daban
Ido, banda siririn fatar ido, ba shi da wata babbar kariya daga bugun kai tsaye da sauran tasirin waje - shigowar jikin baƙi, abubuwa masu lahani da na ruwa mai zafi. A wasu lokuta, akwai keta haddin aikinta na yau da kullun daga mummunan rauni lokacin fadowa ko daga bugu zuwa kai. Yawancin rauni (90%) suna da alaƙa da microtraumas - ƙananan jikin baƙi suna shiga cikin ido. Ana sauƙaƙa wannan ta iska mai iska tare da iska mai ƙura mai ƙarfi. Iskar hayaƙi, shavings da sauran ƙwayoyin cuta daga kayan aikin wuta ko kayan aikin wuta suma sune dalilin waɗannan raunin.
Raunuka masu tsanani suna faruwa yayin haɗarin mota, tashin hankali, lamuran titi, matsananci da wasannin tuntuba. Raunin masana'antu galibi ana haɗuwa da aikin aiki ba tare da tabarau masu kariya ba.
Babban alamun cutar ana bayyana shi ta hanyar ciwo na gari, jin zafi, ƙyama, kumburin fatar ido da kayan da ke kewaye da shi, zubar jini na cikin gida, jan ido. Wani lokaci hangen nesa na iya lalacewa, photophobia da ciwon kai na iya faruwa. Tare da rauni na rauni, ciwon ba shi da mahimmanci kuma kusan babu rage gani. Zai yiwu a sami ƙananan zubar jini da kuma faɗaɗa cibiyar sadarwar jijiyoyin akan ƙwarjin ƙwalwar ido da bayan farcen ido. Andarfi da fasali na bayyanar cututtuka sun dogara da nau'in da tsananin raunin da aka karɓa.
Raunin raunuka yana tattare da aukuwar zubar jini a sassa daban-daban na ido: fatar ido, iris, kwayar ido, jiki mai kyan gani. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, wannan na iya kasancewa tare da raɗaɗi da raunin ƙwaƙwalwa. Increaseara ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a cikin ɗalibi da kuma rashin amsawa ga haske yana nuna gurguntar ƙwayar tsoka ta ɗalibin ko lalacewar jijiyar oculomotor.
Mafi haɗari da raunin rauni suna faruwa lokacin da aka keta mutuncin ido da kayan da ke kewaye da shi. A irin waɗannan halaye, ciwo na ciwo yana da girma kuma ba za a iya jure shi ba. Mai tsananin kumburi da zubar jini daga rauni yana faruwa. Gani ya samu matsala sosai. Ciwon kai yawanci yana tare da ƙaruwa da zafin jiki. A gani, za a iya samun gajimaren tabarau da kasancewar jini a cikin ɗakin gaban ido.
Sau da yawa irin waɗannan lokuta suna buƙatar tiyata ta gaggawa. Raunin haɗari yana da haɗari tare da rikitarwa na gaba kuma yana iya haifar da ci gaban cututtuka daban-daban.
Duk da yanayi daban-daban (na thermal, chemical, radiation), ƙonewar ido suna da alamomi iri ɗaya. A cikin lamuran da ba su da kyau, wannan ɗan ƙara kumburi ne da kuma yin ja kan fatar ido da ƙwallon ido. Tare da raunuka masu tsanani, bayyanannun alamun sakamako mara kyau ana bayyane - daga ƙananan kumfa a kan fatar ido zuwa rashin haske na jiki da bayyanar matattun wurare a sassa daban-daban na ido.
Raunin fatar ido mai dangantaka
Wannan nau'in kariya na ido yakan lalace ne ta hanyar taimakon farko na rashin dacewa - yunƙurin ɓoyewa don cire jikin baƙon yana haifar da ƙwanƙwasawa da fushin ƙwarjin ciki. Daga ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, kumburi mai ƙarfi da ƙwanƙwasawa sun samo asali. A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, fatar ido na iya karɓar raunin da ke da bambancin digiri - daga ƙaramin sama da zurfin shiga ciki.
Raunin ido a wasanni
Wasanni masu aiki kusan koyaushe suna ƙara haɗarin rauni ga gabobin gani.
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Da farko dai, wannan ya shafi wasanni da nau'ikan tuntuɓar: hockey, ƙwallon ƙafa, wasan tanis, wasan ƙwallon kwando, sambo, dambe, karate da sauran dabarun yaƙi. A cikin rikice-rikicen rikici, naushi, gwiwar hannu ko yajin gwiwa galibi yakan haifar da mummunan rauni wanda ba za a iya kiyaye shi ba ko da da kayan kariya. Abubuwa daban-daban (kulake, raket, jemagu) a cikin yanayin wasa masu wahala galibi suna zama "kayan aiki" na cutar da lafiya.
Kayan wasanni masu nauyi da saurin tashi, kamar puck ko baseball, suma galibi suna buga yankin ido. Tare da bugawa mai kyau, har ma da hasken badminton shuttlecock (13 g) ya tashi sama da 200 km / h kuma yana da isasshen ƙarfin kuzari don haifar da mummunan rauni.
A kusan dukkanin wasanni, akwai yanayin faɗuwa da busawa zuwa kai, wanda ke shafar mummunan yanayin yanayin kayan aikin gani.
Duk da cewa yawan raunin ido na wasanni shine 30% na jimillar, suna haifar da haɗarin rikice-rikice masu zuwa. Don kiyaye lafiyar 'yan wasa, magani koyaushe yana neman sabbin hanyoyin ingantaccen magani da gyarawa. A cikin horo, ana yin dabaru don kauce musu. Masana'antu suna neman hanyoyin inganta abubuwan kariya na kayan aiki.
Abin da aka hana a yi idan raunin ido
Abu ne mai sauqi ka lalata ido da kyallen da ke kewaye da shi, cikin hanzari ana kokarin kawar da rashin jin dadin. A wannan yanayin, ba za ku iya shafa idanuwan idanunku ko fara fara cire jikin baƙon tare da adiko na goge baki ko aljihu. Babu wani yanayi da za a yi amfani da sinadarin alkaline ko na acid don shayarwa idan ba a san abin da ya shiga cikin ido tabbatacce ba.
Taimako na farko a lokuta daban-daban
Lokaci da daidaito na taimakon farko na raunin ido yawanci shine ke tabbatar da nasarar magani mai zuwa da kuma cikar maido da ayyukanta. Babbar doka ita ce hana sake lalacewa da kamuwa da cuta.
Game da ƙonewar sinadarai, ya zama dole a kurkure ido da adadi mai yawa na rauni na gishiri ko sinadarin potassium, don ƙonewar zafi - da ruwa mai tsafta.
Game da raunin rauni, sanya sanyi don magance zafi da kumburi. Kuna iya gwada wanke ƙananan tarkace tare da rafin tsaftataccen ruwa. Don kowane lalacewa, ana amfani da bandeji na auduga kuma ana buƙatar gwajin likita don kafa cikakken ganewar asali da kuma ba da magani.
Idan akwai keta mutuncin ido, to ya zama dole kawai a dakatar ko rage zubar jini. Arin agaji na farko ana bayar da shi a cikin asibiti, kuma dole ne a kai wanda aka azabtar zuwa ɗakin gaggawa da sauri.
Diagnostics
Yayin gwajin farko a ɗakin gaggawa, ana ƙaddara matakin lalacewa, kuma ana ɗaukar matakan gaggawa don kawar da alamun. Idan ana zargin lalacewar cikin gida, ana yin kwayar halitta da fadada bincike (binciken asusun). Sannan tambayar asibiti ko komawa zuwa ƙwararren ƙwararren masani ya yanke hukunci. Baya ga likitan ido, wannan na iya zama likitan jiji, likitan kwalliya, ko ƙwararren tiyata mafi girma. Idan ya cancanta, an tsara ƙarin karatun kayan aiki: haɓakar duban dan tayi, ophthalmoscopy, gwaje-gwaje tare da fluorescein da sauran hanyoyin.
Ler Tyler Olson - stock.adobe.com. Binciken asusun.
Tushen magani
Samun nasarar raunin rauni ya dogara da ganewar asali da magani, wanda ƙwararrun likitocin lafiya zasu iya aiwatar dashi kawai. Kawar da cututtukan ƙananan raunin da ya faru yana yiwuwa a gida a kan shawarar likita.
Kula da raunuka da kuma sakamakon fitar abubuwa na ƙasashen waje galibi ana aiwatar da su ne bisa tsarin haƙuri. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da man shafawa na antibacterial da digo. Don taimakawa ciwo, an tsara magunguna.
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A yayin rikice rikice, ana amfani da kayan maye da kuma magungunan anti-inflammatory, kuma ana amfani da coagulants don hana zub da jini. Gaggauta aiwatar da magani da kuma dawo da tsarin aikin likita.
Tare da buɗe raunuka a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, ana buƙatar asibiti da tiyata.
Tsawan lokacin jiyya da lokacin murmurewa sun bambanta daga sati ɗaya zuwa watanni da yawa.
Saukad da yanayin rauni
Dole ne a ɗauki lafiyar ido tare da kulawa da muhimmancin gaske kuma dole ne a yi amfani dashi kawai bayan shawarwari tare da ko kamar yadda likita ya umurta. Jerin da ke ƙasa an yi nufin ne kawai don sananne tare da kaddarorin magunguna:
- Vitasik ya sauke - suna da tasiri mai amfani akan membrane na mucous, suna da ƙwayoyin cuta da warkarwa.
- Balarpan-N magani ne na maidowa na halitta wanda ake amfani dashi don ƙonewa da magani bayan aiki, yana taimakawa danshi ga idanu.
- Kartalin da Oftan-katakhrom - suna da sakamako mai kyau akan ruwan tabarau.
- Dephysleis - yana haifar da samarda hawaye kuma yana hanzarta aikin sabuntawa na masifa.
- Solcoseryl da Korneregel suna warkewa da sabunta gels.
