Rikodin duniya na Marathon

Nisan gudun fanfalaki na musamman yana da tsawon daidai kilomita 42 kilomita 195, wannan babban tsawan ban mamaki ne, inda yawancin athletesan wasan gudun fanfalaki daga ko'ina cikin duniya suka riga sun hau.

Don zama mai tseren gudun fanfalaki yana buƙatar shekaru da yawa da horo na hankali, gudun fanfalaki a matsayin babban horo an kirkira shi ne a shekarar 1896, sai kawai maza kawai suka halarci wurin.

Bayanin gudun fanfalaki mai tsawon kilomita 42

Wasan gudun fanfalaki mai tsayin kilomita 42 kilomita 195 sananne ne ga dukkan 'yan ƙasa na duniya, horo na musamman na wasan motsa jiki ya faro ne a cikin 1896 ga maza kuma a cikin 1984 ga mata, watau bayan shekaru ɗari daga baya. Marathon a cikin mahimmin abu shine dogon lokaci, wanda ya hada da matsanancin gudu ko kuma a cikin kasa mai wuyar sha'ani.

Asalin wasan gudun fanfalaki ya koma ne ga tsohuwar Girka, lokacin da wani jarumin Girka ya iya kawo labarin nasarar Girkawa ga ‘yan uwansa, sannan ya yi gudun kilomita 34.5 zuwa Athens. Kuma wannan jarumin ya gudu daga wurin Marathon, inda yakin kansa ya gudana.

Wasannin da suka fi shahara kuma na farko sun gudana ne a 1896 a Athens, inda wanda ya ci nasara na farko shi ne Ba'amurke wanda ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako, duk da cewa ya yi amfani da doping a cikin hanyar giya, wanda ke shayar da ƙishirwa.

Menene shirya marathon?

Gudanar da irin wannan tseren marathon mai wahala da babban shiri yana bukatar shiri mai kyau da tsayi bisa tsari, sannan kuma a tabbatar da yin tsere na yau da kullun na kilomita 1, kilomita 3, kilomita 5, da kuma kilomita 10, da sauransu bisa ga jadawalin. Zai yiwu a yi gudu duka a wurin shakatawa da filin wasa, ba a buƙatar horo mai rikitarwa, waɗannan ayyukan ya kamata su zama masu daɗi da farin ciki.

Hakanan zaka iya amfani da software na fasaha daban-daban, yana iya zama nau'ikan metronome na kiɗa da aka sanya a cikin wayo. Hakanan yana da kyau ka sami hydrometer da kuma bugun zuciyar da zai gaya maka lokacin da zaka tsaya ka sha ruwa, haka kuma ka dan huta a kan hanya, idan ka yi tafiyar kilomita 50-60 na tsawon kwanaki 7, to bai kamata a samu matsala ba a cikin gudun fanfalaki mai tsawon kilomita 42.

Tarihin rikodin duniya

A cikin mata, Gasar Olympics

1. XXIII Olympiad - 1984 Los Angeles, Joan Benoit 1st wuri 2:24:52 USA
2. XXIV Olympiad - 1988, Seoul, Rosa Maria mota Correia DOS Santos, 2:25:40, Portugal
3. XXV Olympiad - 1992 Barcelona, ​​Valentina Egorova, CIS, 2:32:41
4. XXVI Olympiad - 1996, Atlanta, Fatuma Roba, Habasha, 2:26:05
5. XXVII Olympiad - 2000, Sydney, Takahashi, Japan, 2:23:14
6. XXVIII Olympiad - 2004, Athens, Mizuki, Japan, 2:26:20
7. XXIX Olympiad - 2008, Beijing, Constantin Tomescu, Romania, 2:26:44
8. XXX Olympiad - 2012, London, Tiki Gelana, Habasha, 2:23:07
9. Wasannin Olympics na XXXI - 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Kipchoge, Kenya, 2:08:44

A cikin maza, Gasar Olympics

1. Ni Olympiad Afrilu 6-15, 1896, Athens, Spiridon Louis, Girka, 2:58
2. II Olympiad 1900, Paris, Michel Johann Theato, Luxembourg, 2:59:45
3. III Olympiad 1904, St. Louis, Thomas J. Hicks, Amurka, 3:28:53
4. IV Olympiad 1908, London, Joe Joseph Heys, Amurka, 2:55:19
5. V Olympiad 1912, Stockholm Mcarthur, 2:36:54
6. VII Olympiad (1920, Antwerp, Hannes Kolehvfinen, Finland, 2:32:35)
7. VIII Olympiad (1924, Paris, Albin Oskar Stenrus, Finland, 2:41:23
8. IX Olympiad (1928, Amsterdam, Mohamed Bougera Ouafi, Faransa, 2:29:01
9. X Olympiad (1932, Los Angeles, Juan Carlos Zabala, Argentina, 2:31:36)
10. XI Olympiad (1936, Berlin, ɗan Kitay, Japan, 2:29:19
11. XIII Olympiad (1948, London, Delfo Carbero, Argentina, 2:34:52
12. XV Olympiad (1952, Helsinki, Emil Zatopek, Czechoslovakia, 2:23:03
13. XVI Olympiad (1956, Melbourne), Alena Ohara Mimone, Faransa, 2:26:00
14. XVII Olympiad (1960, Rome), Abeb Bikila, Habasha, 2:15:16
15. XVIII Olympiad (1964, Tokyo), Abebe Bikila, Habasha, 2:12:11
16. XIX Olympiad (1968, Mexico City), Mamo Wolde, Habasha, 2:20:26
17. XX Olympiad (1972, Munich), Frank Shorter, Amurka, 2:12:19
18. XXI Olympiad (1976, Montreal), Waldemar Kerpinski, Gabashin Jamus, 2:09:55
19. XXII Olympiad (1980, Moscow), Waldemar Kempinski, GDR, 2:11:03
20. XXIII Olympiad (1984, Los Angeles), Carlos Alberpto Lopez Sousa, Potrugalia, 2:09:21
21. XXIV Olympiad (1984, Seoul), Gelindo Bordin, Italiya, 2:10:32
22. XXV Olympiad (1992, Barcelona), Young-cho Hwang, Koriya, 2:13:23
23. XXVI Olympiad (1996, Atlanta), Josiah Chugwane, Afirka, 2:12:36
24. XXVII Olympiad - 2000, Sydney, G. Abera, Habasha, 2:10:11
25. XXVIII Olympiad - 2004, Athens, St. Baldini, 2:10
26. XXIX Olympiad - 2008, Beijing, Samuel Kamu Wansiru, Kenya, 2:06:32
27. XXX Olympiad - 2012, London, Steven Kiprogich, Uganda, 2:08:01
28. XXXI Olympiad - 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Eliud Kipchogi, Kenya, 2:08:44

Tarihin duniya a gudun fanfalaki na mata

A yau, tarihin duniya baki daya a gudun fanfalaki na 42 na dan wasan Burtaniya ne Radcliffe, wanda ya rufe nisan cikin awanni 2 da mintuna 15. J. Radcliffe ne ya yi irin wannan rikodin ta 2003 a cikin Afrilu, a lokacin ne wannan abin da ya faru na musamman ya faru, wanda ya zama sananne a yau, rikodin duniya ne kuma ba za su iya doke shi ba tukuna.

Daga nan Radcliffe ta fafata a gasar gudun fanfalaki ta Burtaniya, inda ta kammala da rawar gani mai ban mamaki, abin da ya ba jama’ar London mamaki game da tseren nata. Jane ta sami wannan matsayin ne lokacin da take kimanin shekara talatin, kuma kafin hakan, a shekarar 2012, ta yi rekodi biyu a lokaci daya, na 1 a Landan da kuma 2-1 a Chicago. A yau wannan ɗan wasan ya ƙware a dogon nesa gaba ɗaya, haka nan kuma a cikin babbar hanya da gudu da kuma gicciye iri-iri masu wahala.

Game da dan wasa

Jane an haife ta ne a Cheshire a cikin Davenham, tun tana ƙarama yarinya ce mai rauni wacce ke fama da cutar asma, kuma ta fara yin wasanni a ƙarƙashin jagorancin mahaifinta, sanannen ɗan tsere a lokacin. Nasarorinta na farko sun zo ne a shekarar 1992, lokacin da ta zama zakara, sannan a cikin 1997 ita ma ta ci azurfa a babbar gasar tsallaka-tsallaka.

Sannan a cikin 1998 da 2003 ita ce zakara a ƙetaren ƙetare a Turai, bugu da ƙari, ta shiga wasannin Olympic tun 1996, duk da cewa ba ta taɓa hawa sama da wurare 4 ba, kuma a 2002, 2003 da 2005 ta zama ta farko a cikin marathons masu daraja. Amurka da London.

Ta kafa tarihinta na duniya gaba daya a 2003 tare da Gasar Marathon ta Landan, wanda ta gudana a 2:15:25. Yau tana zaune a Monaco, ta auri Radcliffe tun 2001, tana da diya, Isla, wanda aka haifa a 2007, kuma a 2010 wani ɗa, Raphael, ya bayyana, yau Radcliffe ya riga ya yi ritaya.

Yaya wasannin suka kasance?

Wani lamari na musamman a rayuwar Jane Radcliffe ya faru a 2003 a ranar 13 ga Afrilu, lokacin da ta fafata a gudun fanfalaki na mata kuma ta gama a gaban masu sauraron Burtaniya da ke da sha'awa, ta zama bajinta ta musamman. Wannan gasar gudun fanfalaki ta Landan ana yin ta kowace shekara a Biritaniya kuma ita ce ɗayan manyan shida a duniya.

Hanyar gudun fanfalaki ita ce mafi sauri, mafi dadi da kuma shimfidawa, hanyar ta bi ta Landan daga gabas zuwa Blackheath, sannan ta bi ta Woolwich da Charlton zuwa yamma zuwa Greenwich da kuma ƙetare Thames zuwa Buckingham Palace. Jane Radcliffe ta yi tarihi na musamman wanda har yanzu ba a doke ta ba a duk shekarun gasa.

Tarihin duniya a gudun fanfalaki na maza

Tarihin da babu kamarsa a duniya ga gudun fanfalaki a tsakanin maza a yau na dan wasan Dennis Kimetto ne daga Kenya, wanda ya yi tafiyar kilomita 42 cikin awanni 2 da mintuna 2 kacal, wannan ya kasance ne a shekarar 2014.

Wannan shi ne babban shahararren marathon na Berlin, inda dan Kenya ya karya tsohon tarihin da Wilson Kipsang ya yi a shekarar da ta gabata, a shekarar 2014 tuni akwai mahalarta sama da dubu arba'in. Tuni tsakiyar wannan tazarar, Quimetto ya riƙe shugabanni bakwai, waɗanda bayansu ya fara gudu sannan ya riske su, kuma ya riga ya fahimci abin da rikodin duniya zai yi a ƙarshen nisan da kansa.

Game da mai gudu

Dennis Quimetto da gaske ya yi wani abin tarihi na musamman, yayin da wani mutum ya gudanar da babban gudun fanfalaki a karon farko cikin awanni biyu da minti biyu.

Tare da wannan nasarar, wani mai tsere na gudun fanfalaki daga Kenya ya rubuta sunan mutum a cikin tarihin wasanni da wasikun zinariya, wanda hakan babbar nasara ce ga duniya. Anan Quimetto ya ci gaba da sauri kuma ya bayyana ga kowa cewa za a yi barazanar tsoffin rikodin duniya.

Wannan gudun fanfalaki ya kasance na huɗu ga ɗan Kenya, wanda ya sami nasarar lashe duka ukun. Dennis yana da kwarin gwiwa cewa a cikin Berlin 2014 tabbas zai karya tsohon rikodin da dan kasarsa Wilson ya yi kuma zai gudu da sauri fiye da 2:03:00. Ya fada a sarari cewa idan yanayi a Berlin mai kyau ne, to rikodin zai zama nasa tabbatacce, Dennis Quimetto ya faɗi game da wannan a baya.

Yaya aka yi gudun fanfalaki?

Gasar Marathon ta Berlin galibi ana yin ta ne a watan Satumba a babban birni kuma ya riga ya zama na biyu mafi girma a duniya; yanzu sama da 'yan wasa dubu arba'in daga ƙasashen duniya 120 ke halartar wannan. Nisa a nan na gargajiya ne, kuma farkon kanta ya tafi daidai a babban birnin Jamus, tare da tsayin wannan hanyar akwai fiye da miliyoyin magoya baya da ƙungiyoyin kida.

Wannan kyakkyawan hutun yana da salo mai ban mamaki, da farko akwai shuwagabanni bakwai, kodayake a alamar kilomita 30 saura uku ne kawai suka rage. Anan Quimetto ya ci gaba da gudana a sarari da amincewa kuma ya wuce tare da Mutai kusan a matakin daya, kuma tuni a kilomita 38 ya zama na farko kuma ya sha gaban dukkan masu tsere na gudun fanfalaki.

Jimlar tazarar gudun fanfalaki na kilomita 42 da 195 m fara ce ta musamman da babu kamarsa, inda da yawa suke son hawa aƙalla sau ɗaya a rayuwarsu. Kawai don shiga cikin gudun fanfalaki ne ake buƙata a kusanci wannan lokacin bisa hankali, kasancewar an shirya tsaf don wannan al'amari, dole ne mai gudun fanfalaki ya san abin da gudu yake.

Kowane irin wannan mahalarci dole ne ya sami izinin shiga daga likita, kodayake ƙayyadaddun shekarun ba ko'ina bane, ma'ana, zaku iya zama mai gudun fanfalaki ko da kuwa a lokacin tsufa tabbas.

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