Raunin wasanni
1K 0 04/20/2019 (bita ta ƙarshe: 10/07/2019)
Rushewar haɗin gwiwa (CS) rauni ne na gwiwa wanda yake gama gari tsakanin 'yan wasa. Baya daga cikin haɗin jijiyoyin (ɓarkewar juzu'i) ko ƙulla biyu (cikakke) na iya lalacewa.
Ligaments suna cikin cikin haɗin haɗin giciye ga juna:
- Gabatarwa (ACL) - yana samar da kwanciyar hankali na haɗin gwiwa kuma yana hana ƙaurawar gaba da ƙafa sosai. Wannan jijiya yana fuskantar matsanancin damuwa kuma galibi yana cikin damuwa.
- Baya (ZKS) - yana hana sauya baya.
Dalilin
Irin wannan raunin yana cikin rukunin raunin wasanni. Rushewar KJ abu ne na gama gari tsakanin mutanen da suka kamu da tsananin ƙarfi yayin gudanar da ayyukansu na ƙwarewa.
Lalacewa yana faruwa lokacin da:
- bugu mai ƙarfi ga gwiwa daga baya ko a gaba;
- saukowa mara kyau bayan tsalle daga tsauni;
- juyawar cinya waje ba tare da sauya kafa da kafa ba;
- gudun kan kankara
Saboda sifofin jikin mutum, yawan rauni ya fi zama ruwan dare tsakanin mata.
Dalilin faruwar hakan | Bayani |
| Bambance-bambance a cikin ragin raguwar jijiyoyin cinya. | Tsokoki na hanji na mata na saurin kwantawa yayin juyawa. A sakamakon haka, akwai babban lodi akan ACL, wanda zai iya haifar da fashewar sa. |
| Igharfin cinya. | Zaman lafiyar gyaran gwiwa ya dogara da ƙarfin na’urar muscular. Ligaments ya fi rauni a cikin mata, sabili da haka, haɗarin rauni ya fi girma. |
| Da nisa daga cikin intercondylar daraja. | Ya fi kunkuntar shi, ya fi zama mai saurin lalacewa yayin juyawar ƙananan ƙafa tare da faɗaɗa lokaci ɗaya. |
| Hormonal bango. | Tare da matakan progesterone da estrogen, jijiyoyin sun zama masu rauni. |
| Kusurwa tsakanin cinya da ƙananan ƙafa. | Wannan manuniya ta dogara da fadin ƙashin ƙugu. Mafi girman kusurwa, mafi girman haɗarin lalacewa ga CS. |
Kwayar cututtuka dangane da digiri da nau'in
Hanyoyin asibiti na rauni sun dogara da tsananin raunin. Akwai takaddama game da tsananin yanayin tare da fashewar KJ.
Tsanani | Kwayar cututtuka |
| I - ƙananan karaya | Tsanani mai zafi, kumburi mai matsakaici, rashin motsawar motsi, kiyaye kwanciyar hankali gwiwa. |
| II - m hawaye. | Koda karamin lalacewa ya isa ya tsananta yanayin. Bayyanarwar suna kama da ƙananan ƙananan karaya. |
| III - cikakken fashewa. | Wani mummunan rauni, wanda ke tattare da ciwo mai kaifi, kumburi, cikakken iyakancewar motsin gwiwa, rashin haɗin gwiwa. Kafa ya rasa aikin tallafi. |
Ks Aksana - stock.adobe.com
Asibitin cutar ma ya dogara da lokacin rauni.
Nau'in karyawa | Tsawancin rauni |
| Sabo | A lokacin kwanakin farko bayan rauni. Kwayar cutar tana da tsanani. |
| Matsayi | A cikin lokaci daga makonni 3 zuwa watanni 1.5. Ya bambanta a cikin bayyananniyar bayyanar asibiti kuma sannu a hankali alamun bayyanar. |
| Tsoho | Yana faruwa ba da wuri ba bayan watanni 1.5. Gwiwar ba ta da ƙarfi, aikinta ya ɓace gaba ɗaya. |
Taimako na farko
Adana ayyukan ƙafafun da suka ji rauni a nan gaba ya dogara da ƙarancin lokaci da karatu na taimakon farko. A matsayin magani na farko, ya kamata a ɗauki matakai masu zuwa kafin zuwan motar asibiti:
- samar da gabobin marasa lafiya mara motsi sannan a ajiye shi a kan tsauni;
- gyara gwiwa tare da bandeji na roba ko orthosis;
- yi amfani da sanyi;
- nemi maganin rage zafi.
Diagnostics
Amincewa da ilimin cututtuka da ƙaddara nau'inta da ƙarancinsa ana aiwatar dashi yayin binciken wanda aka azabtar.
Da farko dai, ana gudanar da binciken gani na likita da kuma bugawar yankin da ya lalace. Ana nazarin Anamnesis da gunaguni na haƙuri. Don tantance wane jijiya ya karye, yana yiwuwa a gudanar da gwajin "drawer".
Idan, tare da durƙusa gwiwa gwiwa, ƙananan ƙafafun na motsawa gaba gaba ɗaya, yana nufin cewa wanda aka azabtar yana da fashewar ACL, baya - ZKS. Idan lalacewar ta tsufa ko tsufa, sakamakon gwajin na iya zama mara fahimta.
Yanayin jijiyoyin kai tsaye an ƙayyade yayin gwajin da ke sama tare da madaidaiciyar kafa. Rashin kwanciyar hankali na Patellar yana nuna ci gaban hemarthrosis.
Osh joshya - stock.adobe.com
Osh joshya - stock.adobe.com
Jiyya
Dabarun magani don fashewar haɗin gwiwa ya rage zuwa amfani da magungunan mazan jiya. Idan babu tasirin tasirin magani, an warware matsalar tiyatar tiyata.
Kashi na farko na jiyya shine nufin kawar da ciwo da kuma kawar da kumburi. Ya ƙunshi yin amfani da matattarar sanyi, huda don hemarthrosis da haɓaka motsi na haɗin gwiwa ta amfani da orthosis, splint ko plaster cast. Thearfafa gwiwa yana hana raunin faɗaɗa. Bayan wannan, likita ya tsara karatun mako-mako na NSAIDs da analgesics ga mai haƙuri.
Ve WavebreakmediaMicro - stock.adobe.com
A mataki na biyu na jiyya, wata daya bayan rauni, an cire simintin filastar ko orthosis kuma an mayar da gwiwa zuwa aiki. Bayan kammalawarsa, likita ya tantance yanayin haɗin gwiwa kuma ya yanke shawara kan buƙatar tiyata.
Idan babu tasirin magungunan mazan jiya, ana yin aikin tiyata. An tsara shi bayan watanni 1.5 don kauce wa matsaloli daban-daban. Halin gaggawa yana da kyau:
- tare da hadadden rauni na haɗari ko lalacewar ɓangaren kashi;
- 'yan wasa don hanzarta murmurewa da komawa wasannin motsa jiki.
Rushewar haɗin gwiwa ta gwiwa ana bi da shi ta hanyar gudanar da aikin tiyata na filastik:
- sake gina ligament na arthroscopic;
- ta amfani da zane-zane;
- tare da dinka kayan aikin allo.
Gyarawa
Saukewa bayan jiyya na raunin CS iri biyu ne:
- gyarawa bayan aiki;
- matakan bayan magani mai ra'ayin mazan jiya.
Bayan tiyata, ba a ba wa mai haƙuri damar ɗora kafa da ya shafa ba. Ana aiwatar da motsi ta amfani da sanduna. Wata daya bayan haka, an tsara ayyukan motsa jiki, motsa jiki da tsayayyen motsa jiki akan simulators ƙarƙashin jagorancin ƙwararren mai gyara.
Tausa ta hannu da na karkashin ruwa yana hanzarta magudanar ruwan lymphatic da maido da motsi na haɗin gwiwa.
Ana amfani da hanyoyin gyaran jiki.
Ana ba da shawarar ziyartar wurin waha.
© verve - stock.adobe.com. Ilimin lissafi na Laser
Saukewa bayan magani mai ra'ayin mazan jiya mafi yawanci baya wuce watanni 2. A wannan yanayin, matakan gyarawa ana nufin kawar da ciwo, kumburi da haɓaka ƙarfin motsa jiki da motsi na haɗin gwiwa.
Rigakafin
Don kauce wa lalacewar COP, dole ne ku ɗauki halin ɗaukar nauyi game da lafiyar ku. Yakamata a kiyaye matakan tsaro yayin horon wasanni da yayin aiki.
