Idan ka tambayi mutanen da suke nesa da wasanni, kuma hakika daga salon rayuwa mai kyau, menene horarwar zuciya, to, a ƙa'ida, suna bada amsa mara kyau, amma mahimmancin duk amsoshin shine cewa wannan horo ne ta wata hanya mai alaƙa da zuciya.
Sun kasance sashi daidai - asalin kalmar "cardio" an fassara ta daga tsohuwar Hellenanci "zuciya", saboda haka jigon horon kansa - waɗannan atisaye ne waɗanda bugun zuciya ke ƙaruwa. Don kiyaye sautin tsoka, mutum yana buƙatar ɗaukar su koyaushe.
Motsa jiki yana sanyawa tsokoki su sami karfi kuma su kara lafiya. Zuciya ita ma tsoka ce, saboda haka, don ƙarfafa shi, ana buƙatar damuwa. Irin wannan lodin da nufin karfafa ƙwayar jijiyar zuciya motsa jiki ne.
Ga waɗanda kawai ke tunanin gabatar da motsa jiki cikin rayuwa, masu horar da motsa jiki suna ba da shawarar farawa da motsa jiki na zuciya. Zaɓuɓɓuka masu kyau don masu farawa don horar da zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, rasa nauyi da share kan mummunan tunani suna gudana, tafiya, iyo.
Amfanin lafiyar zuciya
Baya ga gaskiyar cewa horo na zuciya yana inganta aikin tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jiki kuma yana taimakawa rage nauyi, amfaninsu a jiki kamar haka:
- Rage karfin jini da matakan cholesterol.
- Bonesarfafa kasusuwa.
- Tsayayya ga damuwa da damuwa.
- Barci mai kyau.
- Enduranceara jimiri.
- Boost Immunity - Motsa jiki yana kunna tsarin rigakafi.
- Ingantaccen inganci da tsawon rai - Bincike ya nuna cewa mutanen da ke motsa jiki a kai a kai na daɗewa kuma suna aiki sosai yayin da suka tsufa.
Dokokin Cardio don masu farawa
Kafin gabatar da motsa jiki cikin rayuwarka, ya kamata ka nemi likita. Zai ba da shawarar nau'in motsa jiki wanda ya dace da mai farawa, la'akari da shekaru, yuwuwar cututtukan yau da kullun, nauyi da sauran alamomi.
Wani mahimmin ma'auni don horo na zuciya shine bugun zuciya (HR). A hutawa, a cikin mutum, wannan alamar tana cikin kewayon 60-90 a kowane minti, amma tunda zuciya ta fi ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin nauyi, bugun zuciya kuma yana ƙaruwa.
A lokacin karatuna, mai farawa yana buƙatar sarrafa bugun jini da koya ƙayyade iyakar bugun zuciyarsa, wanda aka auna shi ta hanyar dabara:
Max bugun zuciya = 220 - shekaru
Yin la'akari da bugun zuciya azaman tushe, masana sun rarrabe nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan cardio uku:
Nau'in loda | % na yawan bugun zuciya | Motsa jiki |
low tsanani | kasa da 50% | tafiya, keke mai tsit |
matsakaici tsanani | 50-70% | gudu, iyo, tsananin keke |
babban ƙarfi | Daga 70% | Gudu, horo tazara |
Ya kamata a lura cewa yana da haɗari don horarwa sau da yawa kuma na dogon lokaci fiye da 85% na matsakaicin bugun zuciya.
Don motsa jiki na cardio ya zama mai aminci kuma mai amfani, masu farawa suna buƙatar bin wasu dokoki:
- Yana da daraja farawa ajujuwa tare da ƙananan ƙarancin atisaye na tsawan minti 20. Yana da kyau a kara kowane motsa jiki na gaba da 'yan mintuna. Da kyau, kuna buƙatar gudanar da motsa jiki na minti 60.
- Don masu farawa a farkon, ana ba da shawarar horarwa tsakanin 50-60% na matsakaicin bugun zuciya. Kuna iya farawa tare da tafiya, jinkirin gudu, motsa jiki na gida shiru.
- Yayin horo, ya zama dole a kiyaye bugun jini tsakanin 60-70% na yawan bugun zuciya.
- Ana ba da shawarar a yi aji a waje da kuma cikin iska mai iska.
- Kuna buƙatar horarwa a cikin takalmin da ya dace da tufafi, koda kuwa kuna horo a gida. Kada ku tafi ƙafa, in ba haka ba kuna iya cutar da ƙafafunku da idon sawunku.
Sau nawa kuke yin motsa jiki na cardio?
Frequency yana nufin yawan motsa jiki a kowane mako. Mafi kyawun zaɓi don masu farawa shine horarwa sau 3 a sati ba tare da wuce kwanaki 2 ba tsakanin su. A nan gaba, za a iya ƙara yawan horon zuwa kwanaki 5 a mako.
Kuna iya horar da su da safe da maraice, gwargwadon halayen mutum na ƙwayoyin halitta da kuma burin aji. Lokacin maraice ya fi dacewa don fara tafiyar da rayuwa da ƙona mai. Idan makasudin horo shine ƙara ƙarfin hali, to ya kamata ku zaɓi lokutan safiya.
Da zaran mutum ya yanke shawarar barin aikin motsa jiki a cikin rayuwarsa, to lokaci ya yi da za a kula da tsarin mulki da ingancin abinci. Ya cancanci cin awanni 2-3 kafin fara karatun ko minti 45 bayan haka. A dabi'ance, ya fi kyau a zabi abincin furotin da jinkirin carbohydrates kuma a raba har abada tare da tarkacen abinci a cikin sigar cookies, cakulan, pizza da sauran abinci waɗanda ba sa kawo fa'idodin kiwon lafiya.
Nau'o'in motsa jiki na cardio
Mutumin da yake farawa don motsa jiki yana buƙatar dogaro da waɗannan ƙa'idodi masu zuwa, wanda zai ƙayyade nau'in motsa jiki mafi kyau:
- Shin wannan jinsin ya dace da dalilan lafiya?
- Yaya yawan lokacin da aka tsara don ƙaddamar da azuzuwan.
- Menene manufar horo (rage nauyi, ƙara ƙarfin hali, kiyaye lafiya).
- Wuraren da akafi so don karatu. Wani yana son motsa jiki a cikin iska mai kyau, ba tare da la'akari da yanayin yanayi ba, wasu suna motsa motsa jiki, wasu kuma suna da wadatuwa da motsa jiki a gida.
Da ke ƙasa akwai nau'ikan motsa jiki na motsa jiki waɗanda suka shahara kuma ana buƙata tsakanin masu farawa.
Gudu
Gudun shine mafi kyawun tsari mai tasiri na motsa jiki da jijiyoyin jini. Yana ƙarfafa zuciya, yana inganta ƙona mai mai tasiri, yana koyar da huhu
Gudun safe zai caji ku da ƙarfi har tsawon yini, kuma da yamma zai huce jiki kuma zai taimaka wajen kawar da damuwar da ta tara a rana. Kuna iya gudu duka a cikin yanayi mai dumi da sanyi. Bugu da kari, yin tseren hunturu na da tasiri mai tasiri kan aikin garkuwar jiki.
Don gudu don zama mai fa'ida da jin daɗi, mai farawa yakamata ya bi waɗannan ƙa'idodin:
- Zaɓi takalma masu dacewa da kyau. Sneakers, takalman kwando ko takalmin tanis basu dace da gudu ba. Takalma masu gudu yakamata su sami nutsuwa mai kyau kuma su rage damuwa akan haɗin gwiwa.
- Madadin yana gudana a kan wuya (kwalta) tare da laushi (ƙasa, ciyawa, yashi). Zai fi kyau kada a yi gudu a kankare kwata-kwata, wannan yana cike da damuwa mai mahimmanci akan gwiwoyi da duk tsarin musculoskeletal. Matsakaicin mafi kyau shine ƙasa, yana sha da kyau, wanda ke nufin cewa yin tafiya akan irin wannan farfajiyar baya cutarwa.
- Kada ku yi gudu tare da manyan hanyoyi.
- Dumi kafin wasa. Zai iya zama squats, tsalle, tafiya.
- Lura da dabarun gudu. Yayin gudu, jiki ya kamata ya kasance a tsaye, kafafu ya kamata a dan lankwasa a gwiwoyi, kafadu da wuya su zama masu annashuwa, yayin gudu, ya kamata a rarraba nauyi daidai a kan kafa, kuma kada ku yi gudu a ƙafa.
- Kula da numfashi daidai. Sha iska ta hanci, fitar da iska ta baki. Idan numfashi ya ɓace, to yakamata ya zama ya tafi daidai zuwa mataki kuma murmure.
- Theara kaya cikin sauƙi.
- Gama ayyukanku a hankali. Ba a ba da shawarar sauyawa zuwa ga nutsuwa ba zato ba tsammani, ya zama dole a ba wa jiki lokaci don sake ginawa, sabili da haka, yana da kyau a kammala gudu ko dai ta hanyar gudu a hankali ko kuma tafiya mai ƙarfi.
Duk da fa'idodi da ke tattare da gudu, ba na kowa bane. Ya kamata ku guje shi idan kuna da:
- Launin zuciya.
- Matsalar haɗin gwiwa.
- Nauyin kiba
Tafiya
Hanya mafi aminci kuma mafi sauƙi na horo na zuciya yana tafiya. Ba ya buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman, kayan aiki, kayan ɗamara. Don mai farawa, kawai takalma masu kyau da sha'awar kawai sun isa. Yin tafiya a cikin yanayi mai nutsuwa yana walwala, yana sauƙaƙa damuwa, motsa jiki mai ɗoki yana koyar da tsokoki na ƙafafu, kashin baya, kuma yana ƙaruwa da jimiri.
Kodayake tafiya mai sauƙi ce, dole ne a bi wasu dokoki:
- Tafiya a wuraren shakatawa, murabba'ai, wasiƙa, kada ku bi kan tituna, kusa da masana'antun da ke fitar da wari mara daɗi (gonakin kaji, masana'antu).
- Rike duwawun ka a tsaye. Lokacin da mutum ya yi laushi, duk gabobin ciki sun ɗauki matsayin da ba daidai ba, damuwa na kashin baya - fa'idodin irin wannan yawo ƙanƙane.
- Sanya tufafi da takalmin da suka dace - zaɓi takalmi wanda yake madaidaici, diddige da sandal an fi kyau ajiye su don wasu abubuwan.
Hawan keke
Idan gudu yana da ƙyama, kuma tafiya ba ta da farin ciki, to, yin keke shine madaidaicin zaɓi. Lokacin da ake keke, nauyin da aka ɗora a kan gaɓoɓi da kashin baya ya ragu sosai, kuma nauyin da ke kan dukkan tsokoki na ƙafafu da tsokoki na ƙaruwa yana ƙaruwa.
Ka'idodi na yau da kullun don hawan keke suna kama da gudu:
- Yi dumi kadan.
- Masu farawa suna buƙatar ƙara ɗaukar kaya a hankali. A farkon watan, yana da daraja tuki bai wuce kilomita 10 ba cikin kwanciyar hankali.
- Lura da saukowar jirgin. Rike duwawun ka madaidaici kar ka jingina da hannayen ka
- Zabi kyawawan takalma da sutura.
Iyo
Mafi aminci kuma mafi yawan shawarar likitancin motsa jiki na motsa jiki don masu farawa shine iyo. Kuna iya zuwa iyo kowace rana ba tare da cutar da lafiyarku ba.
Fa'idodin yin iyo sune kamar haka:
- Sauya sautin tsoka, yana ƙarfafa tsokoki na baya, abs, kafafu da hannaye.
- An fi samar da jiki da iskar oxygen.
- Yana ƙarfafa garkuwar jiki.
- Babu nauyi danniya a kan gidajen abinci.
- An haɓaka metabolism.
Baya ga abin da ke sama, horo na zuciya ya hada da wasannin motsa jiki daban-daban (wasan kwallon raga, badminton, wasan tanis), igiyar tsalle da aka saba da ita tun yarinta, wasan motsa jiki da wasan motsa jiki, kuma, hakika, rawa.
Motsa jiki na Cardio don masu farawa a gida
Amfanin motsa jiki na motsa jiki shine cewa basu buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman, kuma masu farawa zasu iya horarwa daga jin daɗin gidansu.
Mabudin motsa jiki mai amfani don bin ƙa'idodin doka da yawa:
- Zaba kawai wasannin motsa jiki da kuke so kuma ku ji daɗin yin su.
- Sauya kaya daban-daban don kar a cika tsoka guda.
- Yana da daraja hutawa don dakika 30-40 tsakanin motsa jiki.
- Zai fi kyau a yi aiki da takalmi.
- Ci gaba da numfashi da bugun jini ƙarƙashin iko. Darasi a cikin kewayon 60-70% na matsakaicin bugun zuciya ana ɗaukar su mafi kyau ga masu farawa.
- Kafin horo, kana buƙatar shigar da iska da kyau kuma ka tabbata ka ɗan motsa jiki.
- Kuna iya kunna kiɗan kiɗa mai motsawa, zai taimaka muku gaisuwa da rairaya a hanyar da ta dace.
- Don masu farawa, ana ba da shawarar yin motsa jiki na mintina 30, a hankali yana haɓaka lokacin horo zuwa awa ɗaya. Ana ba da shawarar maimaita kowane motsa jiki sau 20, zai fi dacewa da'irori 4.
A ƙasa akwai motsa jiki na asali don tsokokin ƙafafu da gindi waɗanda masu farawa za su iya yi a gida cikin aminci.
Tsalle Tsalle
Yana da tasiri sosai don hada squats da tsalle.
Dabarar tsalle-tsalle kamar haka:
- Tsaya madaidaiciya tare da ƙafafunku faɗi-faɗi dabam. Daga nan sai ka sauke kanka, lankwasa gwiwoyin ka a kusurwar dama.
- Yi tsalle kaɗan kaɗan ka sauka da ƙafafunka. Sa'an nan kuma tsalle.
Tsallakewa waje
Wannan wani nau'i ne na tsalle daga tsugune, bambancin shine lokacin da ake yin tsalle, ana yin tsalle kamar yadda ya yiwu.
Kisa dabara:
- Sanya hannayenka a bayan kanka, dauki guiwar hannu baya, sa ƙafafunka faɗi kafada baya. Baya ya kamata ya kasance madaidaiciya.
- Shaƙar iska ka zauna, rage kwankwasonka zuwa layi daya da bene.
- Yayin da kake fitar da numfashi, matse tsokar ka ka kuma yi tsalle sama da sauri ta hanjin ka.
- Kuna buƙatar sauka a ƙafa biyu. Sannan a sake zauna ayi tsallen gaba.
Dumbbell Squats
Dumbbells manyan mataimaka ne ga waɗanda aka hana yin atisaye da ƙwanƙwasa saboda ciwon baya.
Hanyar aiwatarwa:
- Auki dumbbells 2, runtse hannayenka tare da gangar jikin, tsaya a cikin wurin farawa don duka squats.
- Yi dogon numfashi ka zauna, ka jujjuya jijiyoyin gindi yadda ya kamata.
- Daskare na wani lokaci sannan kuma, a kan shakar iska, komawa matsayin sa na asali.
Hankalin Dumbbell
Dabarar wannan aikin shine kamar haka:
- Armsananan makamai tare da dumbbells tare da jiki. Auki ƙafa ɗaya a gaba gaba ɗaya, ƙasa da ƙasa don cinya ta yi daidai da ƙasan, kar ka miƙa gwiwa da yatsan ƙafarka.
- Bar ɗaya ƙafa lanƙwasa.
- Tura ƙasa da ƙafarka ta gaba ka koma wurin farawa.
- Maimaita irin wannan matakan don ɗayan kafa.
Hawan dandamali
Don wannan aikin, kuna buƙatar allon filastik na musamman - dandamali na mataki. Idan siyan irin wannan kwamiti yana da alama mai tsada ne, to ana iya maye gurbinsa da ƙaramin benci ko kujera don samun tsayayyen matsayi.
Ayyukan dandamali ba kawai horar da tsokoki ba ne, har ma yana haɓaka daidaito da kwanciyar hankali.
Dabarar yin atisaye don masu farawa kamar haka kuma ya bambanta dangane da irin matakin da mai koyon shiga cikin dandalin yake:
- Matakin da aka saba. Mataki a kan dais, da farko tare da ɗaya, sannan tare da kafa na biyu, canza tsarin ƙafafu.
- Steparin mataki. Hau kan dandamali da ƙafa ɗaya, sa'annan saka ɗayan a kai. Sannan a sauke zuwa ƙasa a ƙafa ɗaya, sannan a ɗaya. Kuna buƙatar canza ƙafafunku.
- Mataki na yaudara. Da farko sanya kafa daya a kan duwaiwan, canzawa jikinka nauyi zuwa gare shi, sa'annan ku daga dayan kafa, kamar dai don mataki na gaba, amma kada ku sanya shi a kan dandamali, amma ƙasa da shi zuwa ƙasan. Sannan sanya kafar farko a kasa. Matakan suna canzawa.
- Mataki tare da daga gwiwa. Tsaya da ƙafa ɗaya a kan dandamali, lanƙwasa ɗayan a gwiwa kuma ɗaga shi da ƙarfi. Sannan kasa kafarka zuwa kasa. Sauya kowane kafa sau da yawa.
- Tsalle Tsallake kaɗan, saukar da ƙafa ɗaya ko ɗaya zuwa tsayi.
Horar da jijiyar zuciya na da mahimmanci ga wanda yake son ya kasance cikin kyakkyawan yanayi da motsa jiki da motsa jiki. Abun takaici, ba kowa bane yake da lokacin yin cikakken zagaye, ziyarci gidan wanka, hatta wasan motsa jiki na gida koyaushe basa dacewa da jadawalin aiki.
A wannan yanayin, zaku iya ƙoƙarin haɗawa da zuciya a cikin ayyukanku na yau da kullun. Yi ƙoƙari ku yi tafiya sau biyu a ƙafa, ba ta bas ba, hau zuwa ɗakin ba ta lif ba, amma ta matakala (aƙalla jiragen sama da yawa, ba lallai ba ne a hanzarta gudu zuwa hawa na 25), yayin tafiya tare da yaron ya fi kyau a bi shi ko a yi wasa da shi wasanni masu aiki fiye da zama akan benci na awa ɗaya. Koda karamin aiki zaiyi tasiri mai amfani ga lafiya.