Rage kafada: cututtuka, taimako na farko, jiyya da gyarawa * Gicciye

Hadin kafada shine mafi hadin gwiwa a jikin mutum. Dukkanin nau'ikan motsi suna yiwuwa a ciki: juya-juyawa, juyawa daga ciki, supination-pronation, juyawa. Farashin irin wannan 'yanci na motsi shine muhimmin "rauni" na wannan haɗin. Wannan labarin zai mai da hankali kan cutar da aka fi sani da 'yan wasa, ta hanyar ɗora ɗarɗɗun kafaɗun bisa tsari. Wannan kafada ce ta rabu Baya ga raunin da kansa, za mu tabo batutuwan da suka shafi ilmin jikin mutum, na kimiyyar kere-kere, taimakon gaggawa da kuma, mafi mahimmanci, matakan kariya.

Kafadar jikin mutum

Hadin kafaɗa an kafa shi kai tsaye ta shugaban humerus da glenoid ramin scapula. Ananan sassan ƙasusuwa da aka ayyana basu da cikakkiyar haɗuwa. A taƙaice, basu da kusancin juna. Wannan lokacin ana biyansa ne ta hanyar babban tsari wanda ake kira leɓoɓo na hanu. Wannan jikin guringuntsi ne, kusa da gefe ɗaya, a gefe ɗaya, zuwa ramin ƙyallen maƙalar scapula, a ɗayan, zuwa kan kansar humerus. Yankin leben glenoid ya fi girma sosai fiye da na shimfidar silifa na scapula, wanda ke samar da mafi kyawun yanayin bayyana abubuwa a cikin haɗin gwiwa.

La Alila Medical Media - stock.adobe.com

Kan humerus da glenoid rami na scapula an rufe shi da guntun hyaline.

Kayan haɗin gwiwa da ƙuƙwalwa

A saman tsarin da aka bayyana an lulluɓe shi da siririn ɗamarar fata. Tako ne na kayan haɗi wanda ya rufe wuyan anatomical na humerus a gefe ɗaya, da kuma duk kewayen ragon glenoid na scapula a ɗayan. Filaye na jijiyar coracohumeral, jijiyoyin tsokoki waɗanda ke haifar da abin da ake kira rotator cuff na kafada kuma an haɗa su cikin jikin murfin kawunansu. Wadannan sun hada da infraspinatus, supraspinatus, babban zagaye da tsoka subscapularis.

Wadannan abubuwa suna karfafa kafadar kafada. Tsokokin da suka hada da abin juyawa suna ba da wani adadin motsi (kara karantawa game da wannan a kasa). A haɗuwa, wannan haɓakar ta iyakance ramin haɗin gwiwa kai tsaye.

Hakanan ƙafafun kafa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin haɗin gwiwa. Distarshen ƙarshenta yana haɗe zuwa acromion ko aikin acromial na scapula. Lokacin da aka sace kafada sama da kusurwar digiri 90, ci gaba motsi yana faruwa saboda motsin juna na ƙafafun kafa, ƙananan sandar scapula da kirji. Idan muka kalli gaba, za mu kuma ce babban jijiyar da ke yin aiki a kafaɗar kafaɗa - deltoid - yana haɗe da haɗin jikin da aka bayyana.

Tsokokin Rotator

Halin tsokoki kewaye da haɗin gwiwa yana da mahimmanci ga lafiyar haɗin gwiwa. (Wannan bayani ya shafi dukkan mahaɗa a jikin mutum, ba kawai kafada ba). Bari mu maimaita cewa tsokoki masu yin aiki a kafaɗar kafaɗa suna, don haka, a cikin yadudduka biyu. Tsoffin da aka ambata - masu juyawa - na zurfin ne:

infraspinatus - wanda ke jikin jikin sipula, saboda ba shi da wuya a yi tsammani daga sunan, a ƙarƙashin ginshiƙanta kuma yana da alhakin ɗaga kafada;
supraspinatus - wanda ke sama da axis, yana shiga cikin satar kafaɗa daga jiki. Farkon digiri 45 na sacewa ana yin sa ne da farko ta tsokar supraspinatus;
subscapularis - wanda ke saman fuskar jikin scapula (tsakanin sikeli da kirji) kuma yana da alhakin yin fifikon kan mutum;
babban zagaye - yana gudana daga ƙananan sanda na scapula zuwa kan kan humerus, an saka shi zuwa cikin kwantena ta jijiya. Tare a cikin ƙwayar infraspinatus, yana bayyana kafada.

Motsa tsokoki

Theirin jijiyoyin biceps da triceps brachii sun wuce kan murfin haɗin gwiwa. Tunda aka jefa su saman kan humerus, suna manne wa tsarin acromial na scapula, waɗannan tsokoki suna ba da wasu motsi a cikin haɗin gwiwa:

biceps na lankwasa kafada, yana kawo jikin humerus a digiri 90 zuwa damarar kafada ta sama;
triceps, tare da na bayan baya na tsokar deltoid, kara kafada, zana jikin humerus baya dangane da jikin scapula;

Radic mikiradic - stock.adobe.com

Ya kamata a ambata cewa manya da ƙananan tsokoki da jijiyoyin latissimus dorsi suma suna haɗe da tarin fuka na humerus, suna ba da ƙungiyoyi masu dacewa:

manya da ƙananan - suna da alhakin kawo ƙasusuwa ga junan su;
Sebastian Kaulitzki - stock.adobe.com. Manya (hagu) da ƙananan (dama) tsokoki
tsoffin tsokoki na baya suna samar da motsin jikin kasusuwa na karkashi zuwa kasa a cikin jirgin sama na gaba.
© bilderzwerg - stock.adobe.com. Tsokar Latissimus

Muscle mai laushi yana da alhakin kai tsaye a cikin haɗin gwiwa. Yana da waɗannan abubuwan haɗe-haɗe masu zuwa:

axis na scapula shine farkon farawa na ɓangaren baya na tsoka mai laushi;
acromion - maɓallin abin da aka haɗe na tsakiyar ɓangaren tsoka mai laushi;
ƙarshen acromial na clavicle shine abin da aka makala na ɓangaren gaba na tsokar deltoid.

Kowane aiki, a zahiri, yana yin wani aiki na daban, amma daidaitaccen motsi a cikin haɗin kafaɗa yana buƙatar haɗin kai na dukkan "ƙulla" uku. An nanata hakan ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa dukkanin dunkule guda uku na Delta suna haduwa zuwa jijiya daya, hade da deltoid tuberosity na humerus.

Babban adadin waɗannan tsokoki yana ba da madaidaicin motsi. Koyaya, a aikace, sune "asalin" haɗin gwiwa. Babu wani tsarin kasusuwa abin dogaro a kafada, shi ya sa a yayin gudanar da ayyukan wasanni, musamman lokacin da ake yin motsi na fadada, kafadar kafada ta ji rauni.

Hanyar rauni

Rage kafada shi ne sauyawar kan humerus dangane da ramin glenoid na scapula. A cikin jagorancin ƙaura, ana rarrabe nau'ikan rarraba kafada.

Rushewar gaba

Irin wannan raunin yana faruwa mafi sauƙi, tun da yake shine ƙirar baya na ƙwanƙolin humerus wanda ƙarancin ƙarfi da jijiyoyi da jijiyoyi suka ƙarfafa shi. Bugu da kari, na baya rabo daga cikin deltoid shugaban dole ne samar da kwanciyar hankali. Koyaya, ba a wadatar da shi sosai tsakanin yawancin talakawa, kuma 'yan wasa ba banda bane.

Wannan raunin zai iya faruwa a ƙarƙashin aikin cutarwa a kan gaɓar - a lokacin da ake gudanar da atisayen yaƙi, aiwatar da abubuwa a kan zobba, ko a sandunan da ba daidai ba, wurin da aka fara shiga ƙofar. Hakanan rarraba baya yana yiwuwa sakamakon buguwa zuwa yankin haɗin kafada, lokacin da ake wasan motsa jiki (dambe, MMA, karate), ko lokacin saukowa, bayan yin wani abu mai tsalle (motsa jiki, shakatawa).

Rushewar baya

Rushe kafada na bayakuma tare daana fitar da shi ba sau da yawa kamar na gaba ba, amma, duk da haka, galibi a cikin kashi. A wannan halin, ana cire shugaban humerus zuwa bayan glenoid ramin scapula. Kamar yadda zaku iya tsammani, irin wannan sauyawar kan kafadar yana faruwa lokacin da gaban goshin kasusuwa na haɗin gwiwa ya ji rauni. Mafi sau da yawa, kafada yana cikin yanayin juyawa, makamai suna a gabanka. Tasiri yana faruwa a ɓoye daga hannun. A sauƙaƙe, a tafin hannunka. Irin wannan tasirin mai yiyuwa ne yayin faduwa kan hannayen mutane, misali, tare da isasshen aikin fasaha na motsa jiki. Ko kuma, idan ba a rarraba nauyin sandar daidai lokacin yin aikin latsa benci ba.

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Disananan raguwa

Tare da rabewar wuri, an cire shugaban humerus ƙarƙashin ramin glenoid na scapula. Irin wannan raunin ba na kowa bane kuma yana faruwa tare da ɗaga hannu sama. Irin wannan rauni yana yiwuwa yayin aiwatar da motsa jiki na "tuta", lokacin tafiya a hannu, kwace da tsabta da jerk. Jerk da turawa, a wannan yanayin, sune mawuyacin rauni, tunda kafadu suna cikin yanayi mara kyau na anatomically, kuma nauyin ya faɗi a tsaye.

Rushewar al'ada

Akwai wasu nau'ikan rabewar kafaɗa, amma su ne, a zahiri, haɗuwa da nau'ikan da ke sama na rauni da aka bayyana.

Mafi mawuyacin sakamako sakamakon rabewar kafaɗa shine rashin daidaito - samuwar ɓarkewar al'ada. Wannan yanayin yana tattare da gaskiyar cewa duk wani ɗan tasiri da ya shafi haɗin haɗin da aka shafa a baya ya isa ga abin da ya faru na cikakken ɓarna. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan ilimin cututtukan cuta yana tasowa tare da maganin rashin dacewa na ɓarna na farko na kafaɗa.

Alamun rugujewa da alamu

Wadannan alamun rashin jin daɗi masu zuwa suna nuna rauni ga haɗin kafada, wato, raguwa:

Jin zafi mai zafi a yankin haɗin haɗin da aka lalace, tare da wani nau'in "rigar rigar".
Rashin ikon yin motsi mai motsi a cikin kowane igiyar motsi na haɗin gwiwa.
Halin ƙaura na halayen mutum. A cikin yankin deltoid, an tabbatar da aikin kwayar halittar ƙashin mara, a ƙasan akwai "ɓacin rai". (Game da rabewar baya, hannu ya kasance a sama, ana iya jin kan humerus a yankin kirji, hamata). Yankin da kansa, idan aka kwatanta shi da mai lafiya, yana da "ruɓa". A wannan yanayin, gabobin da abin ya shafa ya zama ya fi tsayi.
Kumburin yankin hadin gwiwar da abin ya shafa. Yana haɓaka saboda lalacewar mummunan rauni ga tasoshin da ke kewaye da yankin haɗin gwiwa. Jinin da aka zubo ya shiga cikin kyallen takarda mai laushi, wani lokacin yakan zama mafi girma hematoma, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin jin zafi. Bugu da ƙari, ba za ku ga "shuɗi" na yankin deltoid nan da nan bayan raunin ba - ƙananan jiragen ruwa suna lalacewa sosai da wuya, kuma hematoma da ke bayyane halayyar kawai don kai tsaye rauni na jiragen da aka nuna.

Taimako na farko don kafada mara nauyi

Da ke ƙasa akwai wasu nasihu waɗanda za su zo da amfani idan har za ku ba da taimakon gaggawa ga wanda aka azabtar.

Babu bukatar yin kokarin gyara kafada da kanka !!! Babu matsala! Attemptsoƙarin da ba shi da ƙwarewa a rage raɗaɗin kafaɗar yana haifar da raunin da ke tattare da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini da kuma ɓarkewar ƙuguwar kafadar!

Da farko, kuna buƙatar gyara ƙafafun hannu, tabbatar da iyakar hutu da iyakantaccen motsi. Idan akwai mai rage radadin ciwo (analgin, ibuprofen ko diclofenac da makamantansu), ya zama dole a bada magani ga wanda aka yiwa cutar domin rage zafin ciwo.

Idan kankara, dusar ƙanƙara, daskararrun dusar ƙanƙara, ko kayan lambu suna nan, yi amfani da tushen sanyi na yanzu zuwa yankin da ya lalace. Duk yankin deltoid ɗin ya kamata ya kasance a yankin "sanyaya". Don haka, zaku rage hauhawar bayan rauni a cikin ramin haɗin gwiwa.

Abu na gaba, kuna buƙatar kai tsaye wanda aka azabtar zuwa asibiti inda akwai masanin cututtukan fata da na'urar X-ray. Kafin sake sanya wurin wargajewar, ya zama dole a dauki hoton hadin gwiwar kafada domin cire karayar jikin humerus da scapula.

Rey Andrey Popov - stock.adobe.com

Maganin rarrabuwa

Amma game da yadda za a magance kafada mara yankewa, ga wasu 'yan shawarwari na gaba daya, tunda shan magani kai tsaye a wannan yanayin na iya zama mai matukar hadari. Hanyar warkarwa ta ƙunshi matakai da yawa:

Rage raguwa daga ƙwararren masanin traumatologist. Mafi kyau - ƙarƙashin maganin sa barci na cikin gida. Da kyau, a ƙarƙashin maganin rigakafi. Saurin zafi yana ba da annashuwa ga tsokoki waɗanda ke bazuwar sakamakon rauni. Don haka, ragin zai zama mai sauri da rashin ciwo.
haɓakawa da tabbatar da rashin daidaituwa na haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin haɓakawa shine watanni 1-1.5. A wannan lokacin muna ƙoƙari mu sami iyakar warkarwa na ƙwanƙolin kafaɗa. A saboda wannan dalili, a wannan lokacin, an tsara nau'ikan ilimin motsa jiki, wanda ke taimakawa wajen inganta yaduwar jini a cikin mahaɗin da abin ya shafa.
gyarawa.

Zamuyi bayani dalla-dalla a ƙasa da matakin gyarawa idan aka sami sauƙin kafaɗa.

La belahoche - stock.adobe.com. Rage raguwa

Gyarawa

Ya zama dole a hankali faɗaɗa kewayon motsi nan da nan bayan cire motsi. Duk da cewa kayan haɗin haɗin sun girma tare, yayin motsa jiki tsokoki sun raunana kuma ba za su iya samar da daidaito mai dacewa ga haɗin gwiwa ba.

Mataki na farko na murmurewa

A cikin makonni uku na farko bayan cire bandejin gyarawa, tef ɗin kinesio na iya zama abin dogaro mai taimako, kunna tsoka mai ɓataccen jiki kuma hakan yana ƙaruwa da haɗin gwiwa. A daidai wannan lokacin, yakamata a cire dukkan matsi da matattun matattu. Daga cikin samfuran da ke akwai, masu zuwa sun kasance:

Jagoranci madaidaiciya hannu a fadin gefen. Jikin an gyarashi a tsaye. Pulledunƙun kafaɗun an haɗa su tare, an jawo kafadu baya. A hankali a hankali kuma cikin yanayin sarrafawa, muna matsar da hannunmu a kan gefe zuwa kusurwar da ba ta wuce digiri 90 ba. Har ila yau, a hankali muna mayar da shi zuwa ga asalinsa.
Ve WavebreakMediaMicro - stock.adobe.com
Sanarwa na gaba-gaba na kafaɗa. An matsa gwiwar hannu a jiki, an lanƙwasa hannu a gwiwar hannu a ƙira 90. Humerus din yana nan wurin, sai kawai dan gaban goshi ya motsa. Muna shigo da shi a madadin, tare da dumbbells an damke a hannu, hagu da dama. Amparfin ya yi kadan. Ana yin motsa jiki har sai jin dumi ya tashi, ko ma a cikin nutria na haɗin gwiwa.
Lo pololia - stock.adobe.com
Juya hannayen a cikin na'urar kwaikwayo, ban da fadada hannun da ya ji rauni. Wannan, alal misali, mai koyar da toshewa tare da ginin benci Scott.
© Makatserchyk - stock.adobe.com
Ensionara makamai a cikin na'urar kwaikwayo da ke kwaikwayon jaridar benci ta Faransa, humerus dangane da jiki bai kamata a fito da shi a kusurwa sama da digiri 90 ba.

Nauyin nauyin yana da ƙanƙanci, kuna buƙatar tattara hankalin jijiyar jiki lokacin yin su. Barbells da dumbbells na matsakaici zuwa nauyi a wannan lokacin an hana su kwata-kwata.

Kashi na biyu

Makonni uku bayan cirewar motsa jiki, zaka iya kunna liftsan a gabanka ka yada a gangaren, don kunna ɓangarorin gaba da na baya na tsoka mai laushi, bi da bi.

Lo pololia - stock.adobe.com

Mun fara aiwatar da yadawa ta bangarorin cikin siga iri biyu: tare da kananan dumbbells da fasaha mai tsafta musamman - don karfafa jijiyoyin supraspinatus, kuma da dumbbells masu dan kauri (mafi kyau a cikin na'urar kwaikwayo, amma maiyuwa ba za'a samu ba a dakin motsa jikin ku) don yin tasiri a tsakiyar sashi na tsokar deltoid.

Don haka, kuna buƙatar horarwa na wasu makonni uku. Kuma kawai bayan wannan lokacin, zaku iya komawa cikin tsarin horo na yau da kullun, a hankali gami da matsi da motsa jiki a cikin shirin horo. Mafi kyau - a cikin simulators, tare da matsakaici ko ma nauyi masu nauyi.

Turawa, matsewa sama, tura-kafa da motsa jiki akan sanduna marasa daidaito ko cirewa akan sandar kwance ko zoben har yanzu an haramta. A wannan lokacin gyaran, wanda yake tsawon sati huɗu, a hankali muna ƙara nauyi a cikin jan motsi da matsawa, muna aiki akasari akan masu kwaɗaitarwa. Muna buga tsokoki da tsokoki na juyawa kowane motsa jiki, zai fi dacewa a farkon farawa.

Mataki na uku

Bayan matakin makonni huɗu, zaku iya ci gaba da aiki tare da ma'aunin nauyi. Zai fi kyau a fara da ƙararrawa, kuma kawai sai a ci gaba da aiki tare da nauyi da dumbbells. Bayan ƙwarewar motsi tare dasu, zaku iya fara aiki da nauyinku kuma.

Rigakafin rabuwar kafada ya kunshi karfafa tsari na tsokoki na abin juyawa ta hanyar amfani da atisayen da aka bayyana a matakin farko na gyaran jiki, da kuma aiki tare da kowane larurar tsoka daban. Ya kamata a ba da hankali na musamman ga ɓangaren baya na tsoka mai laushi, wanda ke da alhakin kwanciyar hankali na ƙirar baya na ƙwanƙolin haɗin gwiwa.

Kada ku taɓa fara horon delta tare da manyan nauyi da motsa jiki na benci / D azaman ɗumi-ɗumi yana da matukar amfani a jefa kowane katako daban, yi atisaye don juyawa.

Motsa jiki na Raunin Rauni

Kamar yadda ba shi da wuyar fahimta daga abin da ke sama, mafi yawan motsa jiki na motsa jiki a cikin CrossFit abubuwa ne na motsa jiki da ake yi a kan zobba da kan sandunan da ba daidai ba, ƙwace, tsafta da jerk da atisayen da ke jagorantar su, tafiya da tsayar da hannu.

Koyaya, babu motsa jiki da zai cutar da ku idan kun kusanci ayyukanku a hanyar da ta dace da daidaituwa. Guji damuwa guda ɗaya, haɓaka jikinku cikin jituwa kuma ku kasance cikin ƙoshin lafiya!