Irin wannan raunin yana mikewa ko yaga tsoka ko kayan hadewa wanda daga nan ne jijiyoyin da jijiyoyin suka samu. Mahimmancin motsa jiki da ɗan kaɗan, amma motsi kwatsam yana haifar da lalacewa. Saboda yawan lankwashewar jijiyoyi, jijiyoyi da zaren tsoka, hawaye ba su cika cika ba kamar zafin jiki.
Mikewa da hawaye
A cikin yanayin halitta, mikewa wani bangare ne na kewayen zaren yayin kiyaye mutuncin jikin mutum. Lokacin da aka fashe, mutuncin jikin mutum yana lalacewa. Dangane da ICD-10, duka cututtukan cuta suna da lambar S86.1.
Ta hanyar nau'ikan zaren da aka ji rauni, ana rarrabe shimfidawa:
- tsokoki;
- jijiyoyi;
- tendons.
Lalacewa lokaci guda ga tsarin da ke sama yana yiwuwa. Alamar cututtukan cututtuka na jijiya shi ne jin rashin kwanciyar hankali a cikin idon kafa da kuma matsayinsa mara kyau yayin tafiya.
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Dalilin
A cikin ilimin ilimin ilimin rauni, babban matsayi na ilimin motsa jiki ne:
- gudu da sauri;
- darussan dumbbell;
- wasan kwallon tennis, kwallon raga ko kwallon kwando;
- hawa dutse ko tsalle daga tsayi;
- wasan motsa jiki.
Tashin hankali yana faruwa lokacin da:
- dogon lokaci da / ko lodi masu yawa (yaduwar jijiyoyin hanji);
- faduwa;
- tsalle (mafi sau da yawa akwai fashewar jijiyoyin ƙananan ƙafa);
- gigicewa daga ƙasa;
- raguwa na haɗin gwiwa (sau da yawa tare da cikakken fashewar jijiyoyin);
- maƙarƙan baya na kafa (busa ga tsokar maraƙi).
Overarfin aiki da ƙarancin zafi na taimakawa ga tsoka da lalacewar jijiyoyi.
Mikewa da yaga alamun, tsananin
Sau da yawa mai haƙuri yana jin hawaye, yana biye da ciwo mai tsanani. Motsi bayan rauni yana da iyakancewa. A wurin shimfidawa, edema da zubar jini na iya bayyana. Lokacin da aka miƙa, ana tsayar da bayyanuwar a tsakanin makonni 1-2. Game da ɓarkewar ƙwayar tsoka - a cikin watanni 2.
A aikin likita, akwai matakai uku na tsanani:
- matsakaici zafi, ciwo, akwai micro-ruptures na tsoka zaruruwa (morphologically ƙaddara ta lalace kasa da 25%);
- ciwo mai tsanani, kumburi an gyara shi a wurin rauni, yana da wahalar tafiya saboda tsananin ciwo mai ciwo, akwai ɓarkewar ɓangare na ƙwayoyin tsoka (25-75% suna da saurin fashewa);
- ana faɗin ciwo, akwai alamun cikakkiyar fashewar ƙwayar tsoka, kwanciyar hankali na haɗin gwiwa da ƙwayoyinsa zuwa kwangila sun lalace (75-100% na myofibrils sun lalace).
Tare da bayyanar cututtuka a lokacin rauni, akwai dalilin yin tunani game da fashewar tsoka. Tare da miƙawa, alamun lalacewar suna bayyana bayan jinkirin lokaci, ana auna su cikin awoyi.
Abokan hulɗa na lalacewa akai-akai sune:
- kumburin yankin da aka ji rauni;
- hematoma a yankin da aka lalata;
- hankula sauti a lokacin rauni.
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Diagnostics
Ana yin binciken ne bisa ga tarin anamnesis (tabbatar da gaskiyar rauni), bayanan gwajin jiki da sakamakon karatun kayan aiki:
- X-ray - don ware karaya ko fashewar kasusuwa na ƙananan ƙafa;
- Duban dan tayi - don tabbatar da lalacewar laushi mai taushi: mikewa ko yaga;
- MRI (ko CT) shine ƙarin hanyar bincike-tsaka mai tsaka-tsaka wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin sharuɗɗan shakku don tabbatar da cutar.
Aikace-aikacen hanyoyin tiyata
Ana amfani da magani na tiyata don bincikar cikakkun ɓarkewar tsoka. Tsarin tiyata yana ba da izini:
- rage lokacin gyarawa;
- hana yiwuwar ɓarnar tsoka;
- ware samuwar wuce gona da iri (warkar da tsoka da samuwar tabon nama).
Taimako na farko don rauni, maganin gida
Mutuwar jijiyoyin kafa, da kuma fashewar jijiyar, suna cikin kwarewar masanan, saboda haka, don kaucewa illar mummunan sakamako, ya kamata a nuna wanda aka azabtar ga kwararren masani.
A kan asibiti, an yarda da magani idan akwai alamun miƙawa:
- kiyaye ayyukan motar ƙafa;
- matsanancin zafi.
Kada a sanya ƙafa sosai. Bayan ya sami rauni, dole ne a ba shi hutu na aƙalla awanni 48, yana gyara shi da bandeji na roba kuma yana ba da matsayi mai ɗaukaka. Idan ya cancanta, ana iya amfani da sanduna don dalilan motsi.
Domin kula da kumburin ciki, a sanya kankarar busassun (a cikin jakar da aka nannade da zane) a shafa wa yankin da ya ji rauni na tsawon kwana 2 na mintina 20 kowane awa 4. A rana ta 3, ya kamata ku guji amfani da matsi. Daga ranar 4, canza zuwa matattara masu dumi da na wanka (domin kara kuzari).
Zaɓi, bisa ga shawarar likita, zaku iya amfani da NSAIDs (magungunan da ba na steroidal ba - Diclofenac, Ibuprofen), gami da nau'in man shafawa (Traumeel, Apizartron, Voltaren emulgel, Viprosal, Ketonal gel).
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Magungunan gargajiya
A gida, an ba da izinin yin amfani da man shafawa dangane da gwaiduwa. Abun ya hada da cokali daya na sabulun wanki, cokali biyu na ruwa da gwaiduwa daya. Dakatarwar da aka samu an nannade shi a cikin gauze kuma ana amfani da shi a wurin lalacewar. An gyara damfara tare da bandeji. Ana ba da shawarar yin shi kowace rana. Lokacin aikace-aikacen da ake so bai fi awa ɗaya ba.
Daga cikin tsire-tsire masu magani taimaka:
- ganyen plantain;
- ruwan 'ya'yan itace;
- eucalyptus man;
- Aloe ganye ɓangaren litattafan almara.
Ethanol, vodka, yumbu ko puff irin kek ana amfani dasu azaman damfara mai ɗumi. Don shirya lotions daga yumbu, 100 g na garin hoda ana gauraya da cokali 5 na tuffa na tuffa na tuffa kuma a tsabtace shi da ruwa har sai an sami dakatarwar kama kama. Ana amfani da abun da ke cikin sakamakon zuwa yankin da aka lalace kuma an rufe shi da nama. Tsawan lokacin shafa fuska kusan awa daya.
Gyarawa don raunin rauni
Lokacin dawowa yana ƙaddara ta tsananin canjin kuma yawanci yakan ɗauki daga sati 1 zuwa watanni 2. Dabarun gyaran jiki ne ke haɓaka daga likitan da ke halarta bisa yarjejeniya da likitan kwantar da hankali da malamin motsa jiki.
Yi amfani da:
- tausa na gida na tsokoki da suka lalace;
- magnetotherapy, diadynamic far, duban dan tayi, laser far;
- tapping - aikace-aikace na facin roba a bayan farfajiyar ƙananan ƙafa don hana narkar da ƙwayar tsoka;
- motsa jiki na motsa jiki:
- tafiya;
- daga kafa mai ciwo zuwa yatsan kafa.
Dogaro da tsananin, sun fara gyara, farawa daga kwana 2 zuwa 7 bayan raunin.
Komawa zuwa cikakken horo yana yiwuwa ne kawai idan babu cikakkiyar myalgias da rashin jin daɗi.
Rigakafin raunuka
Rigakafin shimfidawa da yakar ƙwayoyin tsoka ya sauko don ƙarfafa corset na tsoka ta hanyar horo na yau da kullun. Yana da mahimmanci a ƙayyade wa kanku irin damuwar da jiki ke jin daɗi. Likitan aikin motsa jiki na iya taimakawa da wannan.
Yayin atisaye da wasanni, ana nuna cewa ana aiwatar da hanyoyin ɗumi na musamman don tsokoki, da nufin shirya tsokoki don ɗaukar nauyi mai tsanani. Yayin atisayen shirye-shirye, zazzabin myocytes yakan hauhawa, yayin da ƙwayar tsoka ta zama mai taushi da fitowa.
Ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da takalma tare da tafin zamewa a lokacin lokutan sanyi.
