Coenzymes: menene shi, fa'idodi, aikace-aikace a wasanni

Coenzymes sune mahaɗan ƙwayoyin sunadarai waɗanda basu da mahimmanci don aikin enzymes da yawa. Yawancin su ana samun su ne daga bitamin.

Dalilin rikice-rikicen rayuwa da raguwar haduwar abubuwa masu amfani a jiki galibi raguwar ayyukan wasu nau'ikan enzymes. Sabili da haka, coenzymes suna da mahimmanci a gare mu.

A cikin kunkuntar ma'ana, coenzyme shine coenzyme Q10, wanda aka samu daga folic acid da wasu bitamin da yawa. Babban mahimmanci ga jikin mutum shine waɗancan coenzymes waɗanda bitamin B ke samarwa.

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Ana buƙatar Coenzyme don haɓaka haɓakar makamashin salula, wanda ake buƙata don kiyaye rayuwa. Duk wani aikin da zai gudana a jikin mutum yana buƙatar babban ƙarfin makamashi, ya kasance aiki ne na tunani, aikin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini ko tsarin narkewar abinci, motsa jiki tare da ɗorawa kan tsarin musculoskeletal. Saboda aikin da coenzymes suka shiga tare da enzymes, ana samar da kuzarin da ake buƙata.

Ayyuka na coenzymes

Coenzymes mahaukatan sunadarai ne wadanda suke taimakawa wajen kunna damar enzymes. Suna aiwatar da manyan ayyuka 2:

1. Shiga cikin tsarin tafiyarwa. Coenzyme da kanta baya haifar da canjin kwayoyin da ake buƙata a jiki; yana shiga cikin abubuwan da ke cikin enzymes tare da apoenzyme, kuma kawai lokacin da suke hulɗa, ana aiwatar da abubuwan da ke ɗauke da sinadarai.
2. Ayyukan sufuri. Coenzyme yana haɗuwa tare da substrate, yana haifar da tashar sufuri mai ƙarfi ta inda kwayoyin ke motsawa cikin yardar kaina zuwa tsakiyar wani enzyme.

Duk coenzymes suna da mahimmin abu guda ɗaya a tare - su mahaɗan kwanciyar hankali ne, amma halayen sunadarai sun sha bamban.

Rarraba coenzymes

Dangane da hanyoyin hulɗa tare da apoenzyme, coenzymes sun kasu kashi:

• Mai narkewa - yayin dauki, ana hada shi da wani enzyme molecule, bayan haka sai ya canza a cikin sanadarin kuma ya sake fitowa.
• Prosthetic - mai haɗin gwiwa tare da apoenzyme, yayin aiwatarwar yana cikin cibiyar aiki na enzyme. Sakewarsu yana faruwa yayin hulɗa tare da wani coenzyme ko substrate.

Dangane da tsarin sunadarai, coenzymes sun kasu kashi uku:

• aliphatic (glutathione, lipoic acid, da sauransu)
• heterocyclic (pyridoxal phosphate, tetrahydrofolic acid, nucleoside phosphates da dangoginsu (CoA, FMN, FAD, NAD, da sauransu), metalloporphyrin hemes, da dai sauransu.
• aromatic (ubiquinones).

Aiki, akwai ƙungiyoyi biyu na coenzymes:

• redox,
• ƙungiyar canja wurin coenzymes.

Coenzymes a cikin ilimin kimiyyar wasanni

Tare da motsa jiki mai ƙarfi, yawancin ƙarfi yana cinyewa, wadatar da yake cikin jiki ya ƙare, kuma yawancin bitamin da abubuwan gina jiki suna cinyewa da sauri fiye da yadda ake samarwa. 'Yan wasa suna fuskantar raunin jiki, gajiyawar jiki, da rashin ƙarfi. Don taimakawa kaucewa yawancin alamun, an haɓaka shirye-shirye na musamman tare da coenzymes a cikin abun da ke ciki. Ayyukan su suna da fadi sosai, an ba su ba kawai ga 'yan wasa ba, har ma ga mutanen da ke da isassun cututtuka.

Cocarboxylase

Coenzyme, wanda aka kirkireshi kawai daga thiamine shiga cikin jiki. A cikin 'yan wasa, yana aiki ne a matsayin hanyar hana ƙwayar cuta da rikicewar tsarin mai juyayi. An ba da shawarar maganin don radiculitis, neuritis, da ƙarancin hanta mai haɗari. Ana gudanar da shi ta hanji, kwaya daya kar ta zama kasa da 100 MG.

Cobamamide

Ya maye gurbin aikin bitamin B12, shine mai anabolic. Taimaka wa 'yan wasa su gina ƙwayar tsoka, ƙara ƙarfin hali, haɓaka haɓaka da sauri bayan motsa jiki. Akwai ta hanyar allunan da mafita don gudanar da maganin cikin jini, yawan kudin yau da kullun shine 3 alluna ko 1000 mcg. Tsawon lokacin karatun bai wuce kwana 20 ba.

Oxycobalamin

Ayyukanta sunyi kama da bitamin B12, amma yana wanzuwa cikin jini sosai kuma yana saurin canzawa zuwa tsarin coenzyme saboda tsananin haɗinsa da sunadaran plasma.

Pyridoxal phosphate

Shirye-shiryen yana da duk kaddarorin bitamin B6. Ya bambanta da shi a cikin sakamako mai saurin warkewa, an tsara shi don shiga koda kuwa pyridoxine phosphorylation ya sami matsala. Ana sha sau uku a rana, yawan kwayar yau da kullun bai wuce 0.06 g ba, kuma kwas din bai fi wata ba.

Pyriditol

Yana kunna tsarin tafiyar da rayuwa na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, yana kara karfin glucose, yana hana yawan samuwar lactic acid, yana kara karfin kayan kyallen takarda, gami da juriya da hypoxia, wanda ke faruwa yayin horo na wasanni. An sha miyagun ƙwayoyi sau uku a rana, 0.1 g. bayan karin kumallo na tsawon wata daya

Pantogam

Hanya ce ta pantothenic acid, tana hanzarta tafiyar da rayuwa, rage bayyanar azabar raunin, yana kara juriya ga kwayoyin halitta zuwa hypoxia. Aikin magani yana nufin kunna aikin ƙwaƙwalwa, haɓaka ƙarfin hali, ana nuna shi don amfani a cikin raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa na nau'ikan daban-daban. Ana ɗaukar Allunan a cikin wata ɗaya, 0.5 g, ba fiye da sau uku a rana ba.

Carnitine

Ana samar da shi azaman magani na allura, wanda aikin sa shine don kunna mai mai ƙona jiki, yana haɓaka sabuntawar ƙwayoyin halitta. Yana da tasirin anabolic, antihypoxic da antithyroid. Yana da maye gurbin roba don bitamin B6. Yana da tasiri azaman ruwan ɗigon jini.

Flavinate

An kirkiro shi a cikin jiki daga riboflavin kuma yana da hannu cikin ƙwayoyin carbohydrate, lipid da amino acid metabolism. An samar da shi azaman hanyar mafita don allurar cikin cikin intramuscular, tunda shan shi a cikin ciki ba shi da wani tasiri a take cin riboflavin sha.

Lipoic acid

Yana daidaita ƙwayar metabolism. Theara ƙimar iskar shaka ta carbohydrates da acid mai ƙanshi, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar makamashi.

Kalli bidiyon: Enzymes - Effect of cofactors on enzyme (Nuwamba 2024).