Kashe Meniscus Rupture - Jiyya da Gyarawa

Raunin wasanni

1K 0 03/22/2019 (bita ta karshe: 07/01/2019)

Rushewar maniscus na haɗin gwiwa gwiwa keta takewar mutuncin ƙanƙan ne na musamman a cikin haɗin mahaɗan suna ɗaya, wanda ke aiki a matsayin takalmi da abin birgewa.

Janar bayani

Menisci su ne sifofin cartilaginous waɗanda aka keɓe a cikin haɗin gwiwa, tsakanin sassan da ke jikin mace da tibia. An ƙirƙira shi da ƙari ta ƙwayoyin cuta na musamman. Ta kashi:

• collagen - 65 ± 5%;
• karin sunadaran matrix - 10 ± 3%;
• elastin - 0.6 ± 0.05%.

A cikin kowace samuwar guringuntsi akwai yankin jan - yanki tare da jijiyoyin jini.

Raba maniscus na ciki da na ciki. Kowane an raba shi cikin jiki, ƙaho na gaba da na baya. Suna aiki azaman masu shanyewar girgiza ta jiki, suna rarraba manyan kayayyaki da damuwa ga lamba da daidaita haɗin gwiwa yayin juyawa. Raunin Meniscus cuta ce ta yau da kullun ga mutanen da ke da shekaru 17-42 waɗanda ke aiki ko aiki tuƙuru. Abubuwan haɗin gwiwa na hagu da dama sun lalace daidai mita. Rushewar meniscus na tsakiya yana faruwa sau 3 fiye da na gefe. Sauye-sauyen duka manisci ba su da yawa. Maza sun fi rauni fiye da mata. Jiyya mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ne ko aiki.

Osh joshya - stock.adobe.com

Etiology

Abubuwan da ke haifar da rauni sune saboda damuwa na inji. Zai iya kasancewa tare da miƙaƙƙen mizani ko yagewa. Mafi sau da yawa su ne:

• Haɗakarwar sakamako, wanda ya kunshi juyawa na ƙananan ƙafa:
  • ciki - yana haifar da canjin meniscus na waje;
  • waje - don fashewar samuwar guringuntsi na ciki.
• Flexunƙwasawa mai yawa ko tsawo na haɗin gwiwa, ko ɗaukewa kwata-kwata ko ƙari.
• Gudun kan kasa mara nauyi tare da nauyin jiki mai yawa.
• Raunin kai tsaye - faɗuwa tare da durƙusar gwiwa a kan mataki.

Raunin da ke faruwa akai-akai yana haifar da ci gaba da ciwan kumburi da lalacewar abubuwa a cikin guringuntsi, wanda ke ƙara haɗarin sake rauni.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da lalacewar guringuntsi, wanda ke haifar da yiwuwar lalacewar rauni, ya haɗa da:

1. cututtukan cututtuka - rheumatism, brucellosis;
2. maimaitaccen microtrauma a cikin 'yan wasan ƙwallon ƙafa,' yan wasan kwallon kwando, 'yan wasan hockey;
3. maye na kullum tare da benzene, formaldehyde, vinyl chloride;
4. rikicewar rayuwa - gout;
5. rashin aiki na tsarin endocrine (rashin daidaituwa na haɓakar girma, estrogen da corticosteroids);
6. cututtukan cututtukan ciki (hypoplasia na guringuntsi, menisci, tasoshin haɗin gwiwa; rashin isasshen ligamentary congenital).

Bayan shekaru 40, lamuran lalacewa sune sanadi mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan da aka ambata (menisci ya rasa ƙarfi kuma ya zama mai saukin kamuwa da cutarwa).

Idan aka ba da abin da ke sama, da yawa marubuta da sharaɗɗa sun raba hancin meniscus zuwa:

• mai rauni;
• degenerative (bayyananne lokacin aiwatar da ƙungiyoyi na al'ada ko ƙananan kaya, an share hoton asibiti).

Classididdigar canje-canje da digiri

Lalacewa cikakke ce ko sashi, tare ko babu ƙaura, a cikin jiki, ko cikin ƙaho na baya ko na baya. Yin la'akari da siffar, an rarraba hutun zuwa:

1. tsaye;
2. a kwance;
3. radial;
4. ta hanyar nau'in "shayarwa zai iya ɗauka";
5. faci;
6. patchwork a kwance.

A al'ada, bisa ga bayanan MRI, ana bambanta matakan canji huɗu:

Kwayar cututtuka

Alamomin cututtukan cuta sun banbanta dangane da lokacinta, kazalika da tsananin lalacewar.

Wanne gwani ne zai tuntuɓi

Ya kamata ku tuntuɓi likitan likita ko likitan kwantar da hankali.

Diagnostics

Ana yin binciken ne bisa dalilin anamnesis (gaskiyar rauni), bayanan bincike (tare da gwaje-gwajen tiyata), gunaguni na haƙuri da kuma sakamakon hanyoyin bincike na kayan aiki.

Kuna iya tabbatar da ganewar asali tare da:

• X-ray, ba da damar gano lalacewa (ana iya gudanar da binciken tare da bambanci); ofimar karatun ban da yiwuwar ɓarkewar tsarin ƙashi;
• MRI, wanda ke haɓaka da daidaito mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da rediyo;
• CT, wanda ba shi da bayanai kamar MRI, ana amfani dashi lokacin da ƙarshen ba zai yiwu ba;
• Duban dan tayi, wanda yake ba da damar ganowa da tantance matsayin lalacewa ga tsarin hadewar nama;
• arthroscopy, bayar da dama:
  • hango rauni;
  • cire gutsutsuren guringuntsi;
  • gabatar da magunguna.

Jiyya

Yana da matakai da yawa. An zaɓi shi daban-daban.

A cikin lokacin gaggawa an nuna:

1. huda jakar mahaifa da shan jini, idan akwai;
2. hutawa da rashin motsi da kafa tare da canji mai mahimmanci kan shawarar likitan da ke halarta (ana iya amfani da simintin filastar); tare da ƙarancin radial ko fashewar ƙaho na tsakiya, ba a nuna cikakken motsi saboda haɗarin kwantiragin kwangila (ana amfani da bandeji mai matsi daga bandeji na roba);
3. shan magungunan rage zafin ciwo (Ibuprofen, Ketanol, Diclofenac);
4. motsi tare da sanduna don rage nauyin da ke lalacewar haɗin gwiwa;
5. a ranar rauni - sanyi a cikin gida, ba wa ƙafa matsayi mai ɗaukaka.

An kara nada:

• Motsa jiki motsa jiki;
• tausa;
• ilimin lissafi (UHF-far, microwave, laser, magnetotherapy, hydrotherapy, electromyostimulation, duban dan tayi, hirudotherapy, electrophoresis);
• chondroprotectors (glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate).

Gra Mai daukar hoto.eu - stock.adobe.com. Motsa jiki

Ana yin amfani da tiyata idan an bincikar lafiya:

• keɓewar jiki da ƙahonin meniscus (mafi yawanci ana samun fashewar ƙaho na baya na meniscus na tsakiya, tare da raɗaɗi a lokacin squats);
• fashewar meniscus tare da matsuguni na gaba;
• murkushe maniscus;
• rashin sakamako daga magungunan mazan jiya.

Mafi yaduwa shine aikin tiyatar maniscectomy da tiyatar meniscus ta hanyar ɗinki da tsari na musamman. Ana yin amfani da damar shiga kayanda aka lalata ta hanyar amfani da hanyar budewa ko amfani da maganin tsinkayen mahada.

Yin aikin filastik yana yiwuwa ne idan akwai rabuwa daga kawun ɗin haɗin gwiwa ko kuma tsinkaye na tsaye da na gefe. Samun damar nasara sun fi girma tare da sabon rauni da kuma haƙuri a ƙasa da shekaru 40.

© romaset - stock.adobe.com

Ana amfani da dashen Meniscus don lalata lalata kayan nama. Abubuwan da aka dasa sune lyophilized ko sanyaya manisci. Akwai bayanan adabi kan ci gaban kayan kere-kere.

Matsakaicin tsawon lokacin aikin shine awanni 2.

Hannun cutar na kara ta'azzara yayin da babban yanki ya tsage ko gurɓatuwawar guringuntsi ya fara - cikakkun bayanai game da maniscus extrusion.

Motsa jiki

Don hana yaduwar ƙwayar jijiyoyin ƙafa, ƙarfafa kayan haɗin jijiyoyi da kuma daidaita menisci, ana nuna maganin motsa jiki. Cajin ya kamata a yi sau da yawa a rana. Tsawancin motsa jiki na iya zama minti 20-30.

Nau'in motsa jiki	Bayani	Motsa jiki a hoto
Matse kwalla	Kuna buƙatar tsayawa tare da baya zuwa bango, riƙe ƙwallon tsakanin gwiwoyinku. Ya kamata ku zauna a hankali, kuna lanƙwasa gwiwoyinku.
Mataki	An sanya ƙafa ɗaya a kan dandamali, ɗayan ya rage a ƙasa. Matsayin ƙafa ya kamata a canza ɗaya bayan ɗaya.
Mikewa	Kafa da ya ji rauni an lankwasa shi a gwiwa, kafar ta yi rauni a bayan baya, sannan kuma a hankali a kasa zuwa kasa.
Swing tare da juriya	Riƙe da tallafi da hannuwanku, ƙafafun da ya ji rauni yana farawa ne kan mai lafiya daban-daban daga ɓangarori daban-daban.

Shawarwarin S.M. Bubnovsky

An rarraba darussan da aka ba da shawarar cikin sauki da wahala:

• Mai sauki. An narkar da kankakken da aka nika shi a cikin mayafin da ke zagaye da gwiwoyin. Ya kamata ku motsa kan gwiwoyinku, sannu a hankali kuna ƙara yawan matakan zuwa 15. Bayan cire kankara, durƙusa kuma ku yi ƙoƙari ku sa duwawunku zuwa diddige, a hankali kara lokacin zama zuwa minti 5 (a farkon, za ku iya sanya tabarma ƙarƙashin gindi). Sannan shimfida kafafuwan ka gaba, ka kamo daya daga cikin kafafun da hannayen ka ka ja shi sama.

• Hadadden:
  • Squats. Knees a kusurwa 90 °. Baya ya mike. Kada ku tanƙwara. An ba shi izinin amfani da tallafi. Dokta Bubnovsky ya ba da shawarar yin 20 squats a hanya daya. Yakamata ya zama akwai hanyoyi kusan 5 kowace rana.

• Samu durƙusa, miƙa hannunka a gabanka. Downasa ƙasa, taɓa ƙasa da gindi.

• Kwanciya a kan ciki, haɗa ƙafafunku, jawo ƙafafunku zuwa gindi, taɓa su da diddige.

• Kwanciya a bayan ka, shimfiɗa hannuwan ka tare da jikin ka kuma tanƙwara gwiwoyin ka bi da bi. Ba tare da ɗaga dugaduganku daga ƙasa ba, ja su zuwa gindunku, kuna taimaka wa kanku da hannuwanku.

Gyarawa da aikin soja

A matakin gyarawa bayan tiyata, ana bada shawara a taƙaita kaya a kan haɗin gwiwa na tsawon watanni 6-12. Dogaro da halayen aikin da aka gudanar, ana iya amfani da makirci daban-daban na maganin motsa jiki, ERT da tausa. Daga cikin magunguna, an tsara NSAIDs da chondroprotectors.

Idan takaddar ta raunata meniscus kafin a karɓa, an ba da izinin jinkiri na wata shida don magani. Rashin zaman lafiya yana haifar da keɓewa daga aikin soja:

• haɗin gwiwa gwiwa digiri 2-3;
• tare da raguwa aƙalla sau 3 a cikin watanni 12;
• bincikar lafiya a cikin hanyoyi na musamman.

Hidima a cikin soja yana buƙatar cikakken murmurewa daga sakamakon rauni.

Kalli bidiyon: Meniscus Bucket Handle Tear Repair (Nuwamba 2024).